CRISPR/Cas9 mutants delineate roles of Populus FT and TFL1/CEN/BFT family members in growth, dormancy release and flowering

Sheng, Xiaoyan; Mahendra, R. Ayeshan; Wang, Chieh-Ting; Brunner, Amy M.; Cooke, Janice

doi:10.1093/treephys/tpad027

CRISPR/Cas9 mutants delineate roles of Populus FT and TFL1/CEN/BFT family members in growth, dormancy release and flowering

Journal Article · 08 March 2023 · Tree Physiology (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpad027· OSTI ID:2420226

Sheng, Xiaoyan ^[1]; Mahendra, R. Ayeshan; Wang, Chieh-Ting; Brunner, Amy M.; Cooke, Janice

OSTI

Abstract

Vegetative and reproductive phase change and phenology are economically and ecologically important traits. Trees typically require several years of growth before flowering and, once mature, seasonal control of the transition to flowering and flower development is necessary to maintain vegetative meristems and for reproductive success. Members of two related gene subfamilies, FLOWERING LOCUST (FT) and TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1)/CENTRORADIALIS (CEN)/BROTHER OF FT AND TFL1 (BFT), have antagonistic roles in flowering in diverse species and roles in vegetative phenology in trees, but many details of their functions in trees have yet to be resolved. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate single and double mutants involving the five Populus FT and TFL1/CEN/BFT genes. The ft1 mutants exhibited wild-type-like phenotypes in long days and short days, but after chilling, to release dormancy, they showed delayed bud flush and GA3 could compensate for the ft1 mutation. After rooting and generating some phytomers in tissue culture, both cen1 and cen1ft1 mutants produced terminal as well as axillary flowers, indicating that the cen1 flowering phenotype is independent of FT1. The CEN1 showed distinct circannual expression patterns in vegetative and reproductive tissues and comparison with the expression patterns of FT1 and FT2 suggests that the relative levels of CEN1 compared with FT1 and FT2 regulate multiple phases of vegetative and reproductive seasonal development.

Research Organization:: Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

DOE Contract Number:: SC0012574

OSTI ID:: 2420226

Journal Information:: Tree Physiology (Online), Journal Name: Tree Physiology (Online) Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 43; ISSN 1758-4469

Publisher:: Oxford University Press

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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