Fractional quantum Hall valley ferromagnetism in the extreme quantum limit

Hossain, Md. Shafayat; Ma, Meng K.; Chung, Y. J.; Singh, S. K.; Gupta, A.; West, K. W.; Baldwin, K. W.; Pfeiffer, L. N.; Winkler, R.; Shayegan, M.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.106.l201303

Fractional quantum Hall valley ferromagnetism in the extreme quantum limit

Journal Article · Wed Nov 16 23:00:00 EST 2022 · Physical Review. B

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.106.l201303· OSTI ID:2418925

^[1]; Ma, Meng K. ^[2]; Chung, Y. J. ^[2]; Singh, S. K. ^[2]; ^[2]; West, K. W. ^[2]; Baldwin, K. W. ^[2]; Pfeiffer, L. N. ^[2]; ^[3]; ^[2]

Princeton Univ., NJ (United States); OSTI
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Northern Illinois Univ., DeKalb, IL (United States)

Electrons' multiple quantum degrees of freedom can lead to rich physics, including a competition between various exotic ground states, as well as novel applications such as spintronics and valleytronics. Here we report magnetotransport experiments demonstrating how the valley degree of freedom impacts the fractional quantum states (FQHSs), and the related magnetic-flux-electron composite fermions (CFs), at very high magnetic fields in the extreme quantum limit when only the lowest Landau level is occupied. Unlike in other multivalley two-dimensional electron systems such as Si or monolayer graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides, in our AlAs sample we can continuously tune the valley polarization via the application of in situ strain. We find that the FQHSs remain exceptionally strong even as they make valley polarization transitions, revealing a surprisingly robust ferromagnetism of the FQHSs and the underlying CFs. Our observation implies that the CFs are strongly interacting in our system. In conclusion, we are also able to obtain a phase diagram for the FQHS and CF valley polarization in the extreme quantum limit as we monitor transitions of the FHQSs with different valley polarizations.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF)

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-00ER45841

OSTI ID:: 2418925

Journal Information:: Physical Review. B, Journal Name: Physical Review. B Journal Issue: 20 Vol. 106; ISSN 2469-9950

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (37)

Two-dimensional electrons occupying multiple valleys in AlAs Shayegan, M.; De Poortere, E. P.; Gunawan, O. physica status solidi (b), Vol. 243, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.200642212	journal	November 2006
Temperature dependence of piezoresistance of composite Fermions with a valley degree of freedom Gokmen, T.; Padmanabhan, Medini; Shayegan, M. Solid State Communications, Vol. 150, Issue 27-28 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2010.04.024	journal	July 2010
Composite Fermions Jain, Jainendra K. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511607561	book	January 2007
Valleytronics in 2D materials Schaibley, John R.; Yu, Hongyi; Clark, Genevieve Nature Reviews Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.55	journal	August 2016
Valley polarization in MoS2 monolayers by optical pumping Zeng, Hualing; Dai, Junfeng; Yao, Wang Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 7, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2012.95	journal	June 2012
Optical generation of excitonic valley coherence in monolayer WSe2 Jones, Aaron M.; Yu, Hongyi; Ghimire, Nirmal J. Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 8, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2013.151	journal	August 2013
Transference of transport anisotropy to composite fermions Gokmen, T.; Padmanabhan, Medini; Shayegan, M. Nature Physics, Vol. 6, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1684	journal	May 2010
Spin and valley quantum Hall ferromagnetism in graphene Young, A. F.; Dean, C. R.; Wang, L. Nature Physics, Vol. 8, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys2307	journal	May 2012
Valley filter and valley valve in graphene Rycerz, A.; Tworzydło, J.; Beenakker, C. W. J. Nature Physics, Vol. 3, Issue 3, p. 172-175 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys547	journal	February 2007
Low-temperature, in situ tunable, uniaxial stress measurements in semiconductors using a piezoelectric actuator Shayegan, M.; Karrai, K.; Shkolnikov, Y. P. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 83, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1635963	journal	December 2003
Ferromagnetism S., Edmund C. Stoner F. R. Reports on Progress in Physics, Vol. 11, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/11/1/304	journal	January 1947
Evidence for a spin transition in the ν=2/3 fractional quantum Hall effect Eisenstein, J. P.; Stormer, H. L.; Pfeiffer, L. N. Physical Review B, Vol. 41, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.41.7910	journal	April 1990
Fractional quantum Hall effect at ν=2/3 and 3/5 in tilted magnetic fields Engel, L. W.; Hwang, S. W.; Sajoto, T. Physical Review B, Vol. 45, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.45.3418	journal	February 1992
Skyrmions and the crossover from the integer to fractional quantum Hall effect at small Zeeman energies Sondhi, S. L.; Karlhede, A.; Kivelson, S. A. Physical Review B, Vol. 47, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.47.16419	journal	June 1993
Theory of the half-filled Landau level Halperin, B. I.; Lee, Patrick A.; Read, Nicholas Physical Review B, Vol. 47, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.47.7312	journal	March 1993
Quantized conductance in an AlAs two-dimensional electron system quantum point contact Gunawan, O.; Habib, B.; De Poortere, E. P. Physical Review B, Vol. 74, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.74.155436	journal	October 2006
Density dependence of valley polarization energy for composite fermions Padmanabhan, Medini; Gokmen, T.; Shayegan, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 80, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.80.035423	journal	July 2009
Composite fermion valley polarization energies: Evidence for particle-hole asymmetry Padmanabhan, Medini; Gokmen, T.; Shayegan, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.113301	journal	March 2010
Density and strain dependence of ν = 1 energy gap in a valley-degenerate AlAs quantum well Gokmen, T.; Shayegan, M. Physical Review B, Vol. 81, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.115336	journal	March 2010
Spin polarization of composite fermions and particle-hole symmetry breaking Liu, Yang; Hasdemir, S.; Wójs, A. Physical Review B, Vol. 90, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.90.085301	journal	August 2014
Valley Stoner instability of the composite Fermi sea Zhu, Zheng; Sheng, D. N.; Fu, Liang Physical Review B, Vol. 98, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.155104	journal	October 2018
Ferromagnetic Fractional Quantum Hall States in a Valley-Degenerate Two-Dimensional Electron System Padmanabhan, Medini; Gokmen, T.; Shayegan, M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 104, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.016805	journal	January 2010
Fractional Quantum Hall Phase Transitions and Four-Flux States in Graphene Feldman, Benjamin E.; Levin, Andrei J.; Krauss, Benjamin Physical Review Letters, Vol. 111, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.076802	journal	August 2013
Landau-Level Mixing and Particle-Hole Symmetry Breaking for Spin Transitions in the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect Zhang, Yuhe; Wójs, A.; Jain, J. K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.116803	journal	September 2016
Unconventional Anisotropic Even-Denominator Fractional Quantum Hall State in a System with Mass Anisotropy Hossain, Md. Shafayat; Ma, Meng K.; Chung, Y. J. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 121, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.256601	journal	December 2018
Spontaneous Valley Polarization of Itinerant Electrons Hossain, Md. S.; Ma, M. K.; Villegas-Rosales, K. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 127, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.116601	journal	September 2021
Composite-fermion approach for the fractional quantum Hall effect Jain, J. K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 63, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.63.199	journal	July 1989
Fractional Quantum Hall Effect Measurements at Zero g Factor Leadley, D. R.; Nicholas, R. J.; Maude, D. K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 79, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.4246	journal	November 1997
Phase Diagram of the Spin Polarization of Composite Fermions and a New Effective Mass Park, K.; Jain, J. K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 80, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.4237	journal	May 1998
Valley Splitting of AlAs Two-Dimensional Electrons in a Perpendicular Magnetic Field Shkolnikov, Y. P.; De Poortere, E. P.; Tutuc, E. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 89, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.226805	journal	November 2002
Two-Flux Composite Fermion Series of the Fractional Quantum Hall States in Strained Si Lai, K.; Pan, W.; Tsui, D. C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 93, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.156805	journal	October 2004
Observation of Quantum Hall “Valley Skyrmions” Shkolnikov, Y. P.; Misra, S.; Bishop, N. C. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 95, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.066809	journal	August 2005
Valley Susceptibility of an Interacting Two-Dimensional Electron System Gunawan, O.; Shkolnikov, Y. P.; Vakili, K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 97, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.186404	journal	November 2006
Valley Polarization and Susceptibility of Composite Fermions around a Filling Factor ν = 3 2 Bishop, N. C.; Padmanabhan, M.; Vakili, K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.266404	journal	June 2007
Multivalley two-dimensional electron system in an AlAs quantum well with mobility exceeding 2 × 10 6 cm 2 V − 1 s − 1 Chung, Yoon Jang; Villegas Rosales, K. A.; Deng, H. Physical Review Materials, Vol. 2, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.2.071001	journal	July 2018
Unconventional Sequence of Fractional Quantum Hall States in Suspended Graphene Feldman, B. E.; Krauss, B.; Smet, J. H. Science, Vol. 337, Issue 6099 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1224784	journal	September 2012
Fractional Quantum Hall Effects Halperin, Bertrand I.; Jain, Jainendra K. https://doi.org/10.1142/11751	book	June 2020

Figures / Tables (2)

FIG. 1(p. 3)

FIG. 2(p. 4)

Similar Records

Valley-Tunable Even-Denominator Fractional Quantum Hall State in the Lowest Landau Level of an Anisotropic System

Journal Article · Mon Mar 20 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:2418927

Delocalization and Universality of the Fractional Quantum Hall Plateau-to-Plateau Transitions

Journal Article · Fri Jun 02 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physical Review Letters · OSTI ID:2418928

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
Materials Science
Physics

Fractional quantum Hall valley ferromagnetism in the extreme quantum limit

Citation Formats

References (37)

Figures / Tables (2)

Similar Records

Related Subjects