Optimal hybrid power plants for electric vehicle charging demand

Irmas, Cameron; Brunik, Kaitlin; Clark, Caitlyn E.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/2767/8/082015

Optimal hybrid power plants for electric vehicle charging demand

Journal Article · Mon Jun 10 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Physics. Conference Series

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/8/082015· OSTI ID:2396635

Irmas, Cameron ^[1]; Brunik, Kaitlin ^[1]; ^[1]

National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Transmission constraints, increasing motivations to decarbonize, and concerns over peak electric vehicle (EV) load impacts on local grids have driven electric customers to consider behind-the-meter, hybrid power plant generation and storage at the distributed-grid level for EV charging. In this study, we develop capabilities to optimize hybrid power plant component capacities for EV charging. We then demonstrate these capabilities in a case study for Boulder, Colorado, using public EV charging data as well as wind and solar resource data. Our results show system designs that balance the cost of energy with load-meeting and peak shaving performance. Within the case study, systems designed for wind, solar photovoltaic (PV), and storage resulted in lower cost of energy than those optimized for PV and storage only. This indicates that in areas where wind resource exists, hybrid power plants that include wind, PV, and battery assets can better meet EV charging loads (including peak loads that are prone to overloading local grids) than PV and battery assets alone. Future work to address limitations in this paper include extending cost modeling to include performance losses (e.g., based on operations or weather) and charging station costs to estimate levelized cost of charging, and quantifying uncertainty and error in our aggregation methods for estimating EV charging loads at the hourly timescale.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Wind Energy Technologies Office

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2396635

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5000-89289; MainId:90068; UUID:d3412614-aa32-49a6-b7fc-6e49dcef3e77; MainAdminId:72256

Journal Information:: Journal of Physics. Conference Series, Journal Name: Journal of Physics. Conference Series Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 2767; ISSN 1742-6588

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (14)

OpenMDAO: an open-source framework for multidisciplinary design, analysis, and optimization Gray, Justin S.; Hwang, John T.; Martins, Joaquim R. R. A. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, Vol. 59, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-019-02211-z	journal	March 2019
On the implementation of an interior-point filter line-search algorithm for large-scale nonlinear programming Wächter, Andreas; Biegler, Lorenz T. Mathematical Programming, Vol. 106, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-004-0559-y	journal	April 2005
The Wind Integration National Dataset (WIND) Toolkit Draxl, Caroline; Clifton, Andrew; Hodge, Bri-Mathias Applied Energy, Vol. 151, p. 355-366 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.03.121	journal	August 2015
Technology solutions to mitigate electricity cost for electric vehicle DC fast charging Muratori, Matteo; Elgqvist, Emma; Cutler, Dylan Applied Energy, Vol. 242 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.061	journal	May 2019
Resilience-robustness improvement by adaptable operating pattern for electric vehicles in complementary solar-vehicle management Mehrjerdi, Hasan Journal of Energy Storage, Vol. 37 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102454	journal	May 2021
Levelized Cost of Charging Electric Vehicles in the United States Borlaug, Brennan; Salisbury, Shawn; Gerdes, Mindy Joule, Vol. 4, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2020.05.013	journal	July 2020
Grid integration of intermittent renewable energy sources using price-responsive plug-in electric vehicles Dallinger, David; Wietschel, Martin Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 16, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.02.019	journal	June 2012
The National Solar Radiation Data Base (NSRDB) Sengupta, Manajit; Xie, Yu; Lopez, Anthony Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 89 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.003	journal	June 2018
Renewable energy integration with electric vehicle technology: A review of the existing smart charging approaches Barman, Pranjal; Dutta, Lachit; Bordoloi, Sushanta Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 183 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113518	journal	September 2023
Autonomous Energy Grids: Controlling the Future Grid With Large Amounts of Distributed Energy Resources Kroposki, Benjamin; Bernstein, Andrey; King, Jennifer IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, Vol. 18, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1109/MPE.2020.3014540	journal	November 2020
The Energy Management and Optimized Operation of Electric Vehicles Based on Microgrid Zhang, Mingrui; Chen, Jie IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 29, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRD.2014.2303492	journal	June 2014
Load Scheduling and Dispatch for Aggregators of Plug-In Electric Vehicles Wu, Di; Aliprantis, Dionysios C.; Ying, Lei IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, Vol. 3, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2011.2163174	journal	March 2012
Hierarchical Control of Megawatt-Scale Charging Stations for Electric Trucks with Distributed Energy Resources Mohamed, Ahmed A. S.; Jun, Myungsoo; Mahmud, Rasel IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2022.3167647	journal	January 2022
Optimal Sizing and Control of Battery Energy Storage System for Peak Load Shaving Lu, Chao; Xu, Hanchen; Pan, Xin Energies, Vol. 7, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.3390/en7128396	journal	December 2014

Similar Records

Wind and Solar Hybrid Power Plants for Energy Resilience

Technical Report · Fri Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2021 · OSTI ID:1842446

Minimization of Impact from Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment to the Electric Grid Using a Dynamically Controlled Battery Bank for Peak Load Shaving

Conference · Mon Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 2012 · OSTI ID:1067299

Analysis of interrelationships between photovoltaic power and battery storage for electric utility load management

Journal Article · Mon Aug 01 00:00:00 EDT 1988 · IEEE Trans. Power Syst.; (United States) · OSTI ID:6679766

Related Subjects

14 SOLAR ENERGY
17 WIND ENERGY
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
distributed wind
electric vehicles
hybrid power plants
optimization
peak load shedding
solar photovoltaic

Optimal hybrid power plants for electric vehicle charging demand

Citation Formats

References (14)

Similar Records

Related Subjects