Battery Electrolyte Design for Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) Platforms

Dixit, Marm; Bisht, Anuj; Witherspoon, Brett; Essehli, Rachid; Amin, Ruhul; Duncan, Andrew; Hines, Jairus; Kweon, Chol‐Bum M.; Belharouak, Ilias

doi:10.1002/aenm.202400772

Battery Electrolyte Design for Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) Platforms

Journal Article · Tue May 14 04:00:00 EDT 2024 · Advanced Energy Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202400772· OSTI ID:2378103

Dixit, Marm ^[1]; Bisht, Anuj ^[1]; Witherspoon, Brett ^[1]; Essehli, Rachid ^[1]; Amin, Ruhul ^[1]; Duncan, Andrew ^[1]; Hines, Jairus ^[1]; Kweon, Chol‐Bum M. ^[2]; ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD (United States)

Here, the development of robust and high-performance battery systems is crucial for the advancement of Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) vehicles for urban air mobility. This study evaluates the performance of different lithium-ion battery chemistries under Electric Vertical Takeoff and Landing (eVTOL) load profiles. The actual flight data coupled with physical models is used to create discharge profiles for testing on developed lithium-ion cells for eVTOLs. The performance of a standard liquid electrolyte (1.2 M LiPF₆ in EC:EMC), labeled Gen-2, is benchmarked and compared with a fast-charging electrolyte (1.2 M LiFSI in EC:EMC), labeled XFC. Cell analysis involves the use of various techniques, such as impedance spectroscopy, polarization curves, and capacity retention measurements. Capacity retention is stable for both systems over 500 cycles, but unique discharge capacity trends are observed for different mission segments. During the initial takeoff hover stages, Gen-2 electrolytes experience substantial voltage fade, while XFC electrolytes maintain consistent behavior. In general, the Gen-2 electrolyte demonstrated lower discharge overpotentials and higher decay during cycling compared to the XFC electrolyte. This work highlights the complexity of eVTOL battery behavior and provides insights into battery system design, contributing to the advancement of battery energy storage solutions for urban air mobility.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2378103

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2350748

Journal Information:: Advanced Energy Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Energy Materials Journal Issue: 29 Vol. 14; ISSN 1614-6832

Publisher:: WileyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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