Characterization of Two Fast-Turnaround Dry Dilution Refrigerators for Scanning Probe Microscopy

Barber, Mark E.; Li, Yifan; Gibson, Jared; Yu, Jiachen; Jiang, Zhanzhi; Hu, Yuwen; Ji, Zhurun; Nandi, Nabhanila; Hoke, Jesse C.; Bishop-Van Horn, Logan; Arias, Gilbert R.; Van Harlingen, Dale J.; Moler, Kathryn A.; Shen, Zhi-Xun; Kou, Angela; Feldman, Benjamin E.

doi:10.1007/s10909-023-03035-4

Characterization of Two Fast-Turnaround Dry Dilution Refrigerators for Scanning Probe Microscopy

Journal Article · Sat Mar 23 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Low Temperature Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-023-03035-4· OSTI ID:2337841

Barber, Mark E. ^[1]; Li, Yifan ^[2]; Gibson, Jared ^[3]; Yu, Jiachen ^[2]; Jiang, Zhanzhi ^[3]; Hu, Yuwen ^[2]; Ji, Zhurun ^[4]; Nandi, Nabhanila ^[2]; Hoke, Jesse C. ^[2]; Bishop-Van Horn, Logan ^[2]; Arias, Gilbert R. ^[3]; Van Harlingen, Dale J. ^[3]; Moler, Kathryn A. ^[2]; Shen, Zhi-Xun ^[2]; Kou, Angela ^[3]; Feldman, Benjamin E. ^[2]

SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (SIMES); Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Stanford University
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States). Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences (SIMES); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States)
Stanford Univ., CA (United States)

Low-temperature scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) are critical for the study of quantum materials and quantum information science. Due to the rising costs of helium, cryogen-free cryostats have become increasingly desirable. However, they typically suffer from comparatively worse vibrations than cryogen-based systems, necessitating the understanding and mitigation of vibrations for SPM applications. Here, in this work, we demonstrate the construction of two cryogen-free dilution refrigerator SPMs with minimal modifications to the factory default and we systematically characterize their vibrational performance. We measure the absolute vibrations at the microscope stage with geophones and use both microwave impedance microscopy and a scanning single-electron transistor to independently measure tip-sample vibrations. Additionally, we implement customized filtering and thermal anchoring schemes and characterize the cooling power at the scanning stage and the tip electron temperature. This work serves as a reference to researchers interested in cryogen-free SPMs, as such characterization is not standardized in the literature or available from manufacturers.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States); United Cleanup Oak Ridge LLC (UCOR), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). UCOR - URS/CH2M

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0021238

OSTI ID:: 2337841

Journal Information:: Journal of Low Temperature Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Low Temperature Physics Journal Issue: 1-2 Vol. 215; ISSN 0022-2291

Publisher:: Springer NatureCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (34)

A Realization of a London-Clarke-Mendoza Type Refrigerator Das, P.; de Ouboter, R. Bruyn; Taconis, K. W. Low Temperature Physics LT9, p. 1253-1255 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6443-4_133	conference	January 1965
Electron Transport in Quantum Dots Kouwenhoven, Leo P.; Marcus, Charles M.; McEuen, Paul L. Mesoscopic Electron Transport, p. 105-214 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8839-3_4	book	January 1997
A very low temperature vibration isolation system Hudson, E. W.; Simmonds, R. W.; Yi Leon, C. A. Czechoslovak Journal of Physics, Vol. 46, Issue S5 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02570355	journal	May 1996
Vibration analysis of cryocoolers Tomaru, Takayuki; Suzuki, Toshikazu; Haruyama, Tomiyoshi Cryogenics, Vol. 44, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2004.02.003	journal	May 2004
Vibration spectrum of a pulse-tube cryostat from 1Hz to 20kHz Chijioke, Akobuije; Lawall, John Cryogenics, Vol. 50, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2010.01.005	journal	April 2010
A rapid sample-exchange mechanism for cryogen-free dilution refrigerators compatible with multiple high-frequency signal connections Batey, G.; Chappell, S.; Cuthbert, M. N. Cryogenics, Vol. 60 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2014.01.007	journal	March 2014
An active noise cancellation technique for the CUORE Pulse Tube cryocoolers D’Addabbo, A.; Bucci, C.; Canonica, L. Cryogenics, Vol. 93 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2018.05.001	journal	July 2018
Development of dilution refrigerators—A review Zu, H.; Dai, W.; de Waele, A. T. A. M. Cryogenics, Vol. 121 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2021.103390	journal	January 2022
Dry dilution refrigerator with pulse tube shutoff option Uhlig, Kurt Cryogenics, Vol. 130 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cryogenics.2023.103649	journal	March 2023
Vibrations on pulse tube based Dry Dilution Refrigerators for low noise measurements Olivieri, E.; Billard, J.; De Jesus, M. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, Vol. 858 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.03.045	journal	June 2017
Direct visualization of electronic transport in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator Ferguson, G. M.; Xiao, Run; Richardella, Anthony R. Nature Materials, Vol. 22, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-023-01622-0	journal	August 2023
Simultaneous voltage and current density imaging of flowing electrons in two dimensions Ella, Lior; Rozen, Asaf; Birkbeck, John Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 14, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0398-x	journal	March 2019
Correlated Hofstadter spectrum and flavour phase diagram in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene Yu, Jiachen; Foutty, Benjamin A.; Han, Zhaoyu Nature Physics, Vol. 18, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-022-01589-w	journal	April 2022
Near-Field Scanning Microwave Microscopy in the Single Photon Regime Geaney, S.; Cox, D.; Hönigl-Decrinis, T. Scientific Reports, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48780-3	journal	August 2019
Microwave impedance microscopy and its application to quantum materials Barber, Mark E.; Ma, Eric Yue; Shen, Zhi-Xun Nature Reviews Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00386-3	journal	November 2021
Simple method for absolute calibration of geophones, seismometers, and other inertial vibration sensors van Kann, Frank; Winterflood, John Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 76, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1867432	journal	February 2005
Invited Review Article: A 10 mK scanning probe microscopy facility Song, Young Jae; Otte, Alexander F.; Shvarts, Vladimir Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 81, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3520482	journal	December 2010
Design of a scanning gate microscope for mesoscopic electron systems in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator Pelliccione, M.; Sciambi, A.; Bartel, J. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 84, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4794767	journal	March 2013
Atomic resolution scanning tunneling microscopy in a cryogen free dilution refrigerator at 15 mK den Haan, A. M. J.; Wijts, G. H. C. J.; Galli, F. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4868684	journal	March 2014
Quartz tuning fork based microwave impedance microscopy Cui, Yong-Tao; Ma, Eric Yue; Shen, Zhi-Xun Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4954156	journal	June 2016
Determining the vibrations between sensor and sample in SQUID microscopy Schiessl, Daniel; Kirtley, John R.; Paulius, Lisa Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 109, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4971201	journal	December 2016
Vibration isolation with high thermal conductance for a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator de Wit, Martin; Welker, Gesa; Heeck, Kier Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5066618	journal	January 2019
Cryogen-free variable temperature scanning SQUID microscope Bishop-Van Horn, Logan; Cui, Zheng; Kirtley, John R. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5085008	journal	June 2019
Scanning SQUID microscopy in a cryogen-free cooler Shperber, Yishai; Vardi, Naor; Persky, Eylon Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 90, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5087060	journal	May 2019
Scanning SQUID microscopy in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator Low, D.; Ferguson, G. M.; Jarjour, Alexander Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 92, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0047652	journal	August 2021
Bulk dissipation in the quantum anomalous Hall effect Rodenbach, L. K.; Rosen, I. T.; Fox, E. J. APL Materials, Vol. 9, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0056796	journal	August 2021
Scanning nitrogen-vacancy magnetometry down to 350 mK Scheidegger, P. J.; Diesch, S.; Palm, M. L. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 120, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0093548	journal	May 2022
Scanning SQUID-on-tip microscope in a top-loading cryogen-free dilution refrigerator Zhou, Haibiao; Auerbach, Nadav; Roy, Indranil Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 94, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0142073	journal	May 2023
MilliKelvin microwave impedance microscopy in a dry dilution refrigerator Cao, Leonard Weihao; Wu, Chen; Bhattacharyya, Rajarshi Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 94, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0159548	journal	September 2023
Visualization of an axion insulating state at the transition between 2 chiral quantum anomalous Hall states Allen, Monica; Cui, Yongtao; Yue Ma, Eric Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 116, Issue 29 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1818255116	journal	July 2019
Versatile Millikelvin Hybrid Cooling Platform for Superconductivity Research Franklin, Jacob; Bedard, Joshua; Sochnikov, Ilya IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 33, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2023.3239581	journal	August 2023
Scanning Single-Electron Transistor Microscopy: Imaging Individual Charges Yoo, M. J. Science, Vol. 276, Issue 5312 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.276.5312.579	journal	April 1997
Microwave Microscopy and Its Applications Chu, Zhaodong; Zheng, Lu; Lai, Keji Annual Review of Materials Research, Vol. 50, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-081519-011844	journal	July 2020
Direct visualization of electronic transport in a quantum anomalous Hall insulator Ferguson, G. M.; Xiao, Run; Richardella, Anthony R. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8037337	dataset	January 2023

Similar Records

Scanning SQUID microscopy in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator

Journal Article · Tue Aug 24 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:1852039

A scanning quantum cryogenic atom microscope at 6 K

Journal Article · Mon Mar 08 23:00:00 EST 2021 · SciPost Physics · OSTI ID:1769985

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
cryogen-free
dilution refrigerator
scanning probe microscopy
vibrations

Characterization of Two Fast-Turnaround Dry Dilution Refrigerators for Scanning Probe Microscopy

Citation Formats

References (34)

Similar Records

Related Subjects