Beyond nothingness in the formation and functional relevance of voids in polymer films

Kalutantirige, Falon C.; He, Jinlong; Yao, Lehan; Cotty, Stephen; Zhou, Shan; Smith, John W.; Tajkhorshid, Emad; Schroeder, Charles M.; Moore, Jeffrey S.; An, Hyosung; Su, Xiao; Li, Ying; Chen, Qian

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46584-2

Beyond nothingness in the formation and functional relevance of voids in polymer films

Journal Article · Thu Apr 11 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46584-2· OSTI ID:2336628

; He, Jinlong; ; Cotty, Stephen; ; Smith, John W.; ; ; ; An, Hyosung; ; ;

Abstract

Voids—the nothingness—broadly exist within nanomaterials and impact properties ranging from catalysis to mechanical response. However, understanding nanovoids is challenging due to lack of imaging methods with the needed penetration depth and spatial resolution. Here, we integrate electron tomography, morphometry, graph theory and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation to study the formation of interconnected nanovoids in polymer films and their impacts on permeance and nanomechanical behaviour. Using polyamide membranes for molecular separation as a representative system, three-dimensional electron tomography at nanometre resolution reveals nanovoid formation from coalescence of oligomers, supported by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Void analysis provides otherwise inaccessible inputs for accurate fittings of methanol permeance for polyamide membranes. Three-dimensional structural graphs accounting for the tortuous nanovoids within, measure higher apparent moduli with polyamide membranes of higher graph rigidity. Our study elucidates the significance of nanovoids beyond the nothingness, impacting the synthesis‒morphology‒function relationships of complex nanomaterials.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0022035

OSTI ID:: 2336628

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2472279

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 15; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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