Grain Structure Evolution in Fe-6Si During Directed Energy Deposition

Plotkowski, Alex; Coleman, John; Fancher, Christopher M.; Haines, Michale P.; Whetten, Shaun R.; Kustas, Andrew B.

doi:10.1007/s11837-023-06279-3

Grain Structure Evolution in Fe-6Si During Directed Energy Deposition

Journal Article · Mon Dec 04 23:00:00 EST 2023 · JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-023-06279-3· OSTI ID:2333858

^[1]; Coleman, John ^[2]; ^[1]; Haines, Michale P. ^[3]; Whetten, Shaun R. ^[4]; Kustas, Andrew B. ^[4]

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Materials Science & Technology Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States). Computational Sciences and Engineering Division
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States). Material, Physical, and Chemical Sciences Center

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of additive manufacturing (AM) process variables on the grain structure of Fe-6Si, a soft-magnetic alloy used in electrical machine and grid applications. Samples were fabricated with laser engineered net shaping (LENS) with varying inter-pass timing and numbers of unidirectional passes. Here the results show that the grain structure was affected by both solidification and solid-state grain growth mechanisms. A model of the LENS process suggests that, although shorter inter-pass times encourage greater nucleation of new grains and therefore grain refinement during solidification, these conditions also help maintain high solid-state temperatures that allow for grain boundary motion to keep pace with the build rate. Grains formed under these conditions may span multiple layers, and the high-temperature gradient promotes directional growth. This new understanding of these microstructure evolution mechanisms will aid in using process conditions to control the competition between solidification and solid-state grain growth to create grain structures that may not be possible with conventional processing.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Energy Efficiency Office. Advanced Materials & Manufacturing Technologies Office (AMMTO); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-00OR22725; NA0003525

OSTI ID:: 2333858

Journal Information:: JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Journal Name: JOM. Journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 76; ISSN 1047-4838

Publisher:: SpringerCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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