VO2 phase change electrodes in Li-ion batteries

Castro-Pardo, Samuel; Puthirath, Anand B.; Fan, Shaoxun; Saju, Sreehari; Yang, Guang; Nanda, Jagjit; Vajtai, Robert; Tang, Ming; Ajayan, Pulickel M.

doi:10.1039/d3ta06286d

VO₂ phase change electrodes in Li-ion batteries

Journal Article · Mon Dec 04 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Journal of Materials Chemistry. A

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ta06286d· OSTI ID:2327082

Castro-Pardo, Samuel ^[1]; ^[2]; Fan, Shaoxun ^[2]; Saju, Sreehari ^[2]; ^[3]; Nanda, Jagjit ^[4]; ^[2]; ^[2]; Ajayan, Pulickel M. ^[2]

Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States); SLAC
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Use of electrode materials that show phase change behavior and hence drastic changes in electrochemical activity during operation has not been explored for Li-ion batteries. Here we demonstrate the vanadium oxide (VO₂) cathode that undergoes a metal–insulator transition due to the first-order structural phase transition at an accessible temperature of 68 °C for battery operation. Using a suitable electrolyte operable across the phase transition range and compatible with vanadium oxide cathodes, we studied the effect of cathode active material structural changes on lithium insertion followed by the electrochemical characteristics above and below the phase transition temperature. The high-temperature VO₂ phase shows significantly improved capacitance, enhanced current rate capabilities, improved electrical conductivity and lithium-ion diffusivity compared to the insulating low temperature phase. In conclusion, this opens up new avenues for electrode design, allowing manipulation of electrochemical reactions around phase transition temperatures, and in particular enhancing electrochemical properties at elevated temperatures contrary to the existing class of battery chemistries that lead to performance deterioration at elevated temperatures.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-76SF00515

OSTI ID:: 2327082

Journal Information:: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Journal Name: Journal of Materials Chemistry. A Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 12; ISSN 2050-7488

Publisher:: Royal Society of ChemistryCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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