Full-waveform tomography reveals iron spin crossover in Earth’s lower mantle

Cobden, Laura; Zhuang, Jingyi; Lei, Wenjie; Wentzcovitch, Renata; Trampert, Jeannot; Tromp, Jeroen

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46040-1

Title: Full-waveform tomography reveals iron spin crossover in Earth’s lower mantle

Journal Article · Mon Mar 04 00:00:00 EST 2024 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46040-1· OSTI ID:2318617

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; Lei, Wenjie;

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Abstract Three-dimensional models of Earth’s seismic structure can be used to identify temperature-dependent phenomena, including mineralogical phase and spin transformations, that are obscured in 1-D spherical averages. Full-waveform tomography maps seismic wave-speeds inside the Earth in three dimensions, at a higher resolution than classical methods. By providing absolute wave speeds (rather than perturbations) and simultaneously constraining bulk and shear wave speeds over the same frequency range, it becomes feasible to distinguish variations in temperature from changes in composition or spin state. We present a quantitative joint interpretation of bulk and shear wave speeds in the lower mantle, using a recently published full-waveform tomography model. At all depths the diversity of wave speeds cannot be explained by an isochemical mantle. Between 1000 and 2500 km depth, hypothetical mantle models containing an electronic spin crossover in ferropericlase provide a significantly better fit to the wave-speed distributions, as well as more realistic temperatures and silica contents, than models without a spin crossover. Below 2500 km, wave speed distributions are explained by an enrichment in silica towards the core-mantle boundary. This silica enrichment may represent the fractionated remains of an ancient basal magma ocean.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 2318617

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Vol. 15 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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