Giant Outer Transiting Exoplanet Mass (GOT ‘EM) Survey. I. Confirmation of an Eccentric, Cool Jupiter with an Interior Earth-sized Planet Orbiting Kepler-1514

Journal Article · Mon Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 2021 · The Astronomical Journal (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ABD408· OSTI ID:23159127

Dalba, Paul A.; Kane, Stephen R.; Schwieterman, Edward W. ^[1]; Isaacson, Howard ^[2]; Giacalone, Steven ^[3]; Howard, Andrew W. ^[4]; Rodriguez, Joseph E.; Eastman, Jason D. ^[5]; Vanderburg, Andrew ^[6]; Kraus, Adam L. ^[7]; Dupuy, Trent J. ^[8]

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1. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave., Riverside, CA 92521 (United States)
2. Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
3. Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3411 (United States)
4. Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
5. Center for Astrophysics - Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden St., Cambridge, MA 02138 (United States)
6. Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53706 (United States)
7. Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 (United States)
8. Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ (United Kingdom)

Despite the severe bias of the transit method of exoplanet discovery toward short orbital periods, a modest sample of transiting exoplanets with orbital periods greater than 100 days is known. Long-term radial velocity (RV) surveys are pivotal to confirming these signals and generating a set of planetary masses and densities for planets receiving moderate to low irradiation from their host stars. Here we conduct RV observations of Kepler-1514 from the Keck I telescope using the High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer. From these data, we measure the mass of the statistically validated giant (1.108 ± 0.023 R {sub J}) exoplanet Kepler-1514 b with a 218-day orbital period as 5.28 ± 0.22 M {sub J}. The bulk density of this cool (∼390 K) giant planet is 4.82{sub −0.25}{sup +0.26}g cm{sup −3}, consistent with a core supported by electron degeneracy pressure. We also infer an orbital eccentricity of 0.401{sub −0.014}{sup +0.013} from the RV and transit observations, which is consistent with planet–planet scattering and disk cavity migration models. The Kepler-1514 system contains an Earth-size, Kepler Object of Interest on a 10.5-day orbit that we statistically validate against false-positive scenarios, including those involving a neighboring star. The combination of the brightness (V = 11.8) of the host star and the long period, low irradiation, and high density of Kepler-1514 b places this system among a rare group of known exoplanetary systems and as one that is amenable to continued study.

• OSTI ID: 23159127
• Journal Information: The Astronomical Journal (Online), Journal Name: The Astronomical Journal (Online) Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 161; ISSN 1538-3881
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
BRIGHTNESS
BULK DENSITY
ELECTRONS
IRRADIATION
JUPITER PLANET
ORBITS
RADIAL VELOCITY
RESOLUTION
SCATTERING
SIGNALS
SPECTROMETERS
STARS
TELESCOPES