Clinically relevant concentration of anti-viral drug ribavirin selectively targets pediatric osteosarcoma and increases chemosensitivity
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou (China)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou (China)
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou (China)
Highlights: • Ribavirin selectively targets osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. • Ribavirin acts synergistically with doxorubicin in osteosarcoma. • Ribavirin targets osteosarcoma largely via inhibiting eIF4E. • eIF4E depletion overcomes osteosarcoma chemoresistance. Ribavirin is an anti-viral drug but has recently gained attention as a potential candidate for cancer treatment. In line with these efforts, our work is the first to demonstrate that ribavirin, at clinically relevant concentration, selectively targets pediatric osteosarcoma and increases chemosensitivity. Using preclinical osteosarcoma cell and xenograft models, we found that ribavirin is active against osteosarcoma bulk and subpopulations with highly proliferative and invasive properties via inhibiting growth, inducing apoptosis and suppressing colony formation. At the same concentrations, ribavirin either did not or affected human normal osteoblastic cell and fibroblast cells in a less extent than osteosarcoma cells. Notably, the combination of ribavirin with doxorubicin resulted in greater efficacy than single drug alone. The combination completely arrested the osteosarcoma growth in vivo throughout the whole duration of drug treatment. We further showed that ribavirin acted on osteosarcoma largely via targeting eIF4E. In addition to eIF4E, ribavirin also modulated phosphorylation of Erk and expression of EZH2 and Snail without affecting Akt and mTOR. Lastly, we found that eIF4E expression and phosphorylation were elevated in osteosarcoma compared to normal cells, which might explain the selective anti-osteosarcoma activity of ribavirin. eIF4E depletion mimics the inhibitory effects of ribavirin, further confirm that eIF4E is the essential target of ribavirin in osteosarcoma. Our work provides fundamental evidence of repurposing ribavirin for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Our findings also highlight the therapeutic value of inhibiting eIF4E in osteosarcoma.
- OSTI ID:
- 23137249
- Journal Information:
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 506, Issue 3; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0006-291X
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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