Evaluation of Lithium Metal Anode Volumetric Expansion through Laser Plasma Focused Ion Beam Cross-Sectional Imaging

Merrill, Laura C.; Gannon, Renae N.; Jungjohann, Katherine L.; Randolph, Steven J.; Goriparti, Subrahmanyam; Zavadil, Kevin R.; Johnson, David C.; Harrison, Katharine L.

doi:10.1149/1945-7111/acf162

Evaluation of Lithium Metal Anode Volumetric Expansion through Laser Plasma Focused Ion Beam Cross-Sectional Imaging

Journal Article · Thu Aug 31 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Journal of the Electrochemical Society

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/acf162· OSTI ID:2311490

^[1]; Gannon, Renae N. ^[2]; Jungjohann, Katherine L. ^[3]; Randolph, Steven J. ^[4]; Goriparti, Subrahmanyam ^[5]; Zavadil, Kevin R. ^[1]; Johnson, David C. ^[6]; ^[3]

Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States); Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR (United States)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR (United States)
Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); General Motors, Warren, MI (United States)
Univ. of Oregon, Eugene, OR (United States)

Lithium metal is an ideal anode for high energy density batteries, however the implementation of lithium metal anodes remains challenging. Beyond the development of highly efficient electrolytes, degradation processes restrict cycle life and reduce practical energy density. Herein lithium volumetric expansion and degradation pathways are studied in half cells through coupling electrochemical analysis with cross-sectional imaging of the intact electrode stack using a cryogenic laser plasma focused ion beam and scanning electron microscope. Here, we find that the volumetric capacity is compromised as early as the first cycle, at best reaching values only half the theoretical capacity (1033 vs 2045 mAh cm^-3). By the 101st electrodeposition, the practical volumetric capacity decreases to values ranging from 143 to 343 mAh cm^-3.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Sandia National Laboratories (SNL-NM), Albuquerque, NM (United States); National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF); USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0003525; AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2311490

Report Number(s):: SAND--2023-09001J

Journal Information:: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Journal Name: Journal of the Electrochemical Society Journal Issue: 8 Vol. 170; ISSN 0013-4651

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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