Catalyst poisoning during tar-sands bitumen upgrading
- CYTEC Industries, Stamford, CT (United States)
A number of hydrotreating catalysts are used in commercial heavy oil upgrading facilities. One of these, a CoO/MoO{sub 3}/Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} catalyst has been evaluated in a pilot plant CSTR for Tar-Sands Bitumen upgrading. Following its use in a test of 200 hours duration, the catalyst was removed, de-oiled, regenerated by air-calcination to remove the coke, and then re-tested. Samples of the coked, fresh and regenerated catalyst were each examined using surface analytical techniques. ESCA and SIMS analysis of the coked and regenerated catalyst samples show, as expected, significant contamination of the catalyst with Ni and V. In addition, the SIMS analysis clearly reveals that the edges of the catalyst pellets are rich in Ca, Mg and Fe while the Ni, V and coke are evenly distributed. Regeneration of the catalyst by calcination removes the carbonaceous material but appears not to change the distribution of the metal contaminants. Retesting of the regenerated catalyst shows a performance similar to that of the fresh catalyst. These data serve to support the view that catalyst deactivation during early use is not due to the skin of Ca and Mg on the pellets but rather via the poisoning of active sites by carbonaceous species.
- OSTI ID:
- 231136
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-930364-; ISBN 0-8247-9255-6; TRN: IM9623%%446
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: Spring national meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE), Houston, TX (United States), 28 Mar - 1 Apr 1993; Other Information: PBD: 1994; Related Information: Is Part Of Catalytic hydroprocessing of petroleum and distillates; Oballa, M.C. [ed.] [Novacor Research and Technology Corp., Calgary, Alberta (Canada)]; Shih, S.S. [ed.] [Mobil Research and Development Corp., Paulsboro, NJ (United States)]; PB: 480 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
BITUMENS
HYDROGENATION
CATALYSTS
DEACTIVATION
REGENERATION
COBALT OXIDES
CATALYTIC EFFECTS
MOLYBDENUM OXIDES
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
MATERIALS TESTING
PERFORMANCE
NICKEL
VANADIUM
DEPOSITION
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
IRON
PORPHYRINS
ION MICROPROBE ANALYSIS
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
EXPERIMENTAL DATA