Relationship between domestic smoking and metals and rare earth elements concentration in indoor PM2.5

Journal Article · Wed Aug 15 04:00:00 EDT 2018 · Environmental Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2018.03.026· OSTI ID:23107972

Drago, Gaspare ^[1]; Perrino, Cinzia ^[2]; Canepari, Silvia ^[3]; Ruggieri, Silvia; L’Abbate, Luca ^[1]; others, and

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1. National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo (Italy)
2. National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research, Rome (Italy)
3. Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome (Italy)

Highlights: • Tobacco smoke releases heavy metals (HM) and REE in indoor dwellings. • Elemental content in indoor PM{sub 2.5} was measured in smoking and non smoking dwellings. • Extracted and mineralized fractions of elements were evaluated by ICP-MS. • Indoor smoke was associated with increase of specific elemental fractions in PM{sub 2.5}. • Increased levels of HM and REE are associated with respiratory symptoms in children. Cigarette smoke is the main source of indoor chemical and toxic elements. Cadmium (Cd), Thallium (Tl), Lead (Pb) and Antimony (Sb) are important contributors to smoke-related health risks. Data on the association between Rare Earth Elements (REE) Cerium (Ce) and Lanthanum (La) and domestic smoking are scanty. To evaluate the relationship between cigarette smoke, indoor levels of PM{sub 2.5} and heavy metals, 73 children were investigated by parental questionnaire and skin prick tests. The houses of residence of 41 “cases” and 32 “controls” (children with and without respiratory symptoms, respectively) were evaluated by 48-h PM{sub 2.5} indoor/outdoor monitoring. PM{sub 2.5} mass concentration was determined by gravimetry; the extracted and mineralized fractions of elements (As, Cd, Ce, La, Mn, Pb, Sb, Sr, Tl) were evaluated by ICP-MS. PM{sub 2.5} and Ce, La, Cd, and Tl indoor concentrations were higher in smoker dwellings. When corrected for confounding factors, PM{sub 2.5}, Ce, La, Cd, and Tl were associated with more likely presence of respiratory symptoms in adolescents. We found that: i) indoor smoking is associated with increased levels of PM{sub 2.5}, Ce, La, Cd, and Tl and ii) the latter with increased presence of respiratory symptoms in children.

• OSTI ID: 23107972
• Journal Information: Environmental Research, Journal Name: Environmental Research Vol. 165; ISSN ENVRAL; ISSN 0013-9351
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ADOLESCENTS
AIR POLLUTION
ANTIMONY
CADMIUM
CERIUM
CHILDREN
CONCENTRATION RATIO
ECOLOGICAL CONCENTRATION
GRAVIMETRY
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEAVY METALS
HOUSES
ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY
LANTHANUM
LEAD
SKIN
SYMPTOMS
THALLIUM
TOBACCO PRODUCTS
TOBACCO SMOKES