Modern compact accelerators of cyclotron type for medical applications

Journal Article · Thu Sep 15 04:00:00 EDT 2016 · Physics of Particles and Nuclei

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779616050051· OSTI ID:22977461

Vorozhtsov, S. ^[1]

---

1. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region (Russian Federation)

Ion beam therapy and hadron therapy are types of external beam radiotherapy. Recently, the vast majority of patients have been treated with protons and carbon ions. Typically, the types of accelerators used for therapy were cyclotrons and synchrocyclotrons. It is intuitively clear that a compact facility fits best to a hospital environment intended for particle therapy and medical diagnostics. Another criterion for selection of accelerators to be mentioned in this article is application of superconducting technology to the magnetic system design of the facility. Compact isochronous cyclotrons, which accelerate protons in the energy range 9–30 MeV, have been widely used for production of radionuclides. Energy of 230 MeV has become canonical for all proton therapy accelerators. Similar application of a carbon beam requires ion energy of 430 MeV/u. Due to application of superconducting coils the magnetic field in these machines can reach 4–5 T and even 9 T in some cases. Medical cyclotrons with an ironless or nearly ironless magnetic system that have a number of advantages over the classical accelerators are in the development stage. In this work an attempt is made to describe some conceptual and technical features of modern accelerators under consideration. The emphasis is placed on the magnetic and acceleration systems along with the beam extraction unit, which are very important from the point of view of the facility compactness and compliance with the strict medical requirements.

• OSTI ID: 22977461
• Journal Information: Physics of Particles and Nuclei, Journal Name: Physics of Particles and Nuclei Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 47; ISSN 1063-7796
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
BEAM EXTRACTION
CARBON IONS
COMPACTS
ION BEAM THERAPY
ISOCHRONOUS CYCLOTRONS
MAGNETIC FIELDS
PROTON BEAMS
SUPERCONDUCTING COILS
SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNETS
SYNCHROCYCLOTRONS