QCD phase transition studied by means of hadron production

Journal Article · Tue Sep 15 04:00:00 EDT 2015 · Physics of Particles and Nuclei

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063779615050238· OSTI ID:22977422

Rafelski, Jan; Petran, M. ^[1]

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1. Department of Physics, The University of Arizona, Tucson (United States)

We address the hadronization process of a QGP fireball formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions in the entire range of past and present heavy ion collision reaction energies. A precise method of analysis of hadron multiplicities has evolved into the “SHARE with CHARM” statistical hadronization model. Using this tool we describe successfully—over many orders of magnitude—the yield of all hadrons produced in the full range of reaction energies and centralities; exceptions are peripheral and more central collisions at low energies. The properties of the fireball final state can be understood by considering all primary hadronic particles. The dense hadron fireball created at SPS, RHIC, and LHC shows the final state differentiated solely by: i) volume changes; and ii) strangeness, (charm) flavor content. A universal hadronization pressure P = 80 ± 3 MeV/fm{sup 3} is found. The strangeness content of a large fireball as compared to entropy shows the presence of quark-gluon plasma degrees of freedom near the chemical QGP equilibrium. The 'Universal Hadronization’ condition common to SPS, RHIC, and LHC agrees with the proposed direct QGP fireball evaporation into free-streaming hadrons. Looking forward we discuss qualitatively how heavy flavor production contributes to energy stopping in the central rapidity region as function of reaction energy: the cases of LHC at full energy and future super-LHC.

• OSTI ID: 22977422
• Journal Information: Physics of Particles and Nuclei, Journal Name: Physics of Particles and Nuclei Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 46; ISSN 1063-7796
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS
BROOKHAVEN RHIC
CERN LHC
DEGREES OF FREEDOM
FLAVOR MODEL
HADRONS
HEAVY ION REACTIONS
ION COLLISIONS
NUCLEAR FIREBALLS
PARTICLE PRODUCTION
PARTICLE RAPIDITY
QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS
QUARK MATTER