High voltage electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries with micro-sized silicon anodes

Li, Ai-Min; Wang, Zeyi; Pollard, Travis P.; Zhang, Weiran; Tan, Sha; Li, Tianyu; Jayawardana, Chamithri; Liou, Sz-Chian; Rao, Jiancun; Lucht, Brett L.; Hu, Enyuan; Yang, Xiao-Qing; Borodin, Oleg; Wang, Chunsheng

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45374-0

High voltage electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries with micro-sized silicon anodes

Journal Article · Wed Feb 07 23:00:00 EST 2024 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45374-0· OSTI ID:2293628

Li, Ai-Min; Wang, Zeyi; ; Zhang, Weiran; Tan, Sha; Li, Tianyu; Jayawardana, Chamithri; Liou, Sz-Chian; Rao, Jiancun; Lucht, Brett L.; ; ; ;

Abstract

Micro-sized silicon anodes can significantly increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries with low cost. However, the large silicon volume changes during cycling cause cracks for both organic-inorganic interphases and silicon particles. The liquid electrolytes further penetrate the cracked silicon particles and reform the interphases, resulting in huge electrode swelling and quick capacity decay. Here we resolve these challenges by designing a high-voltage electrolyte that forms silicon-phobic interphases with weak bonding to lithium-silicon alloys. The designed electrolyte enables micro-sized silicon anodes (5 µm, 4.1 mAh cm ⁻² ) to achieve a Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% and capacity of 2175 mAh g ⁻¹ for >250 cycles and enable 100 mAh LiNi _0.8 Co _0.15 Al _0.05 O ₂ pouch full cells to deliver a high capacity of 172 mAh g ⁻¹ for 120 cycles with Coulombic efficiency of >99.9%. The high-voltage electrolytes that are capable of forming silicon-phobic interphases pave new ways for the commercialization of lithium-ion batteries using micro-sized silicon anodes.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: NONE; EE0009183; SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 2293628

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2315630

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 15; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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