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Title: Nebular Emission Line Ratios in z ≃ 2–3 Star-forming Galaxies with KBSS-MOSFIRE: Exploring the Impact of Ionization, Excitation, and Nitrogen-to-Oxygen Ratio

Journal Article · · Astrophysical Journal
;  [1];  [2];  [3];  [4]
  1. Cahill Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology, MS 249-17, Pasadena, CA 91125 (United States)
  2. Carnegie Observatories, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101 (United States)
  3. Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, New Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 (United States)
  4. Institute of Astronomy, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OHA (United Kingdom)

We present a detailed study of the rest-optical (3600–7000 Å) nebular spectra of ∼380 star-forming galaxies at z≃2--3, obtained with Keck/Multi-object Spectrometer for Infrared Exploration (MOSFIRE) as part of the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey (KBSS). The KBSS-MOSFIRE sample is representative of star-forming galaxies at these redshifts, with stellar masses M{sub ∗}=10{sup 9}--10{sup 11.5} M{sub ⊙} and star formation rates SFR = 3–1000 M{sub ⊙} yr{sup −1}. We focus on robust measurements of many strong diagnostic emission lines for individual galaxies: [O ii]λλ3727, 3729, [Ne iii]λ3869, Hβ, [O iii]λλ 4960, 5008, [N ii]λλ 6549, 6585, Hα, and [S ii]λλ6718, 6732. Comparisons with observations of typical local galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and between subsamples of KBSS-MOSFIRE show that high-redshift galaxies exhibit a number of significant differences in addition to the well-known offset in log([O iii]λ5008/Hβ) and log([N ii]λ6585/Hα). We argue that the primary difference between H ii regions in z∼2.3 galaxies and those at z∼0 is an enhancement in the degree of nebular excitation, as measured by [O iii]/Hβ and R23≡log[([O iii]λλ4960,5008+[O ii]λλ3727,3729)/Hβ]. At the same time, KBSS-MOSFIRE galaxies are ∼10 times more massive than z∼0 galaxies with similar ionizing spectra and have higher N/O (likely accompanied by higher O/H) at fixed excitation. These results indicate the presence of harder ionizing radiation fields at fixed N/O and O/H relative to typical z∼0 galaxies, consistent with Fe-poor stellar population models that include massive binaries, and highlight a population of massive, high-specific star formation rate galaxies at high redshift with systematically different star formation histories than galaxies of similar stellar mass today.

OSTI ID:
22869338
Journal Information:
Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 836, Issue 2; Other Information: Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0004-637X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English