Mass estimates of a giant planet in a protoplanetary disk from the gap structures

Journal Article · Wed Jun 10 04:00:00 EDT 2015 · Astrophysical Journal Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/806/1/L15· OSTI ID:22868719

Kanagawa, Kazuhiro D.; Tanaka, Hidekazu ^[1]; Muto, Takayuki ^[2]; Tanigawa, Takayuki ^[3]; Takeuchi, Taku ^[4]; Tsukagoshi, Takashi; Momose, Munetake ^[5]

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1. Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819 (Japan)
2. Division of Liberal Arts, Kogakuin University, 1-24-2, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 163-8677 (Japan)
3. School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 807-8555 (Japan)
4. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551 (Japan)
5. College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1, Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-851 (Japan)

A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk forms a gap. An analytic relationship among the gap depth, planet mass M{sub p}, disk aspect ratio h{sub p}, and viscosity α has been found recently, and the gap depth can be written in terms of a single parameter K=(M{sub p}/M{sub ∗}){sup 2}h{sub p}{sup −5}α{sup −1}. We discuss how observed gap features can be used to constrain the disk and/or planet parameters based on the analytic formula for the gap depth. The constraint on the disk aspect ratio is critical in determining the planet mass so the combination of the observations of the temperature and the image can provide a constraint on the planet mass. We apply the formula for the gap depth to observations of HL Tau and HD 169142. In the case of HL Tau, we propose that a planet with ≳0.3 M{sub J} is responsible for the observed gap at 30 AU from the central star based on the estimate that the gap depth is ≲1/3. In the case of HD 169142, the planet mass that causes the gap structure recently found by VLA is ≳0.4M{sub J}. We also argue that the spiral structure, if observed, can be used to estimate the lower limit of the disk aspect ratio and the planet mass.

• OSTI ID: 22868719
• Journal Information: Astrophysical Journal Letters, Journal Name: Astrophysical Journal Letters Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 806; ISSN 2041-8205
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
ASPECT RATIO
IMAGES
LIMITING VALUES
MASS
PROTOPLANETS
STARS
VISCOSITY