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Title: Microbially induced precipitation of silica by anaerobic methane-oxidizing consortia and implications for microbial fossil preservation

Journal Article · · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
ORCiD logo [1];  [1]; ORCiD logo [2];  [3]; ORCiD logo [4]; ORCiD logo [5];  [5]; ORCiD logo [6];  [1]; ORCiD logo [1]
  1. California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
  2. California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan)
  3. California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Peking Univ., Beijing (China)
  4. California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States)
  5. Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)
  6. Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)

Authigenic carbonate minerals can preserve biosignatures of microbial anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in the rock record. It is not currently known whether the microorganisms that mediate sulfate-coupled AOM—often occurring as multicelled consortia of anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)—are preserved as microfossils. Electron microscopy of ANME-SRB consortia in methane seep sediments has shown that these microorganisms can be associated with silicate minerals such as clays [Chen et al., Sci. Rep. 4, 1–9 (2014)], but the biogenicity of these phases, their geochemical composition, and their potential preservation in the rock record is poorly constrained. Long-term laboratory AOM enrichment cultures in sediment-free artificial seawater [Yu et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 88, e02109-21 (2022)] resulted in precipitation of amorphous silicate particles (~200 nm) within clusters of exopolymer-rich AOM consortia from media undersaturated with respect to silica, suggestive of a microbially mediated process. The use of techniques like correlative fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) on AOM consortia from methane seep authigenic carbonates and sediments further revealed that they are enveloped in a silica-rich phase similar to the mineral phase on ANME-SRB consortia in enrichment cultures. Like in cyanobacteria [Moore et al., Geology 48, 862–866 (2020)], the Si-rich phases on ANME-SRB consortia identified here may enhance their preservation as microfossils. Finally, the morphology of these silica-rich precipitates, consistent with amorphous-type clay-like spheroids formed within organic assemblages, provides an additional mineralogical signature that may assist in the search for structural remnants of microbial consortia in rocks which formed in methane-rich environments from Earth and other planetary bodies.

Research Organization:
California Institute of Technology (CalTech), Pasadena, CA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER). Biological Systems Science (BSS); National Science Foundation (NSF); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
Award DOI(s):
https://doi.org/SN30659
Awarding Organization: DOE-BER

Grant/Contract Number:
SC0020373; NSF BIO-OCE 1634002; 3780
OSTI ID:
2283725
Journal Information:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 120, Issue 51; ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher:
National Academy of SciencesCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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