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Reading between the (Spectral) Lines: Magellan/IMACS Spectroscopy of the Ultrafaint Dwarf Galaxies Eridanus IV and Centaurus I

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal
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Abstract

We present a spectroscopic analysis of Eridanus IV (Eri IV) and Centaurus I (Cen I), two ultrafaint dwarf galaxies of the Milky Way. Using IMACS/Magellan spectroscopy, we identify 28 member stars of Eri IV and 34 member stars of Cen I. For Eri IV, we measure a systemic velocity of v sys = 31.5 1.2 + 1.3 km s 1 , and velocity dispersion σ v = 6.1 0.9 + 1.2 km s 1 . Additionally, we measure the metallicities of 16 member stars of Eri IV. We find a metallicity of [ Fe / H ] = 2.87 0.07 + 0.08 , and resolve a dispersion of σ [Fe/H] =0.20 ± 0.09. The mean metallicity is marginally lower than all other known ultrafaint dwarf galaxies, making it one of the most metal-poor galaxies discovered thus far. Eri IV also has a somewhat unusual right-skewed metallicity distribution. For Cen I, we find a velocity v sys = 44.9 ± 0.8 km s −1 , and velocity dispersion σ v = 4.2 0.5 + 0.6 km s 1 . We measure the metallicities of 27 member stars of Cen I, and find a mean metallicity [Fe/H] = −2.57 ± 0.08, and metallicity dispersion σ [ Fe / H ] = 0.38 0.05 + 0.07 . We calculate the systemic proper motion, orbit, and the astrophysical J-factor for each system, the latter of which indicates that Eri IV is a good target for indirect dark matter detection. We also find no strong evidence for tidal stripping of Cen I or Eri IV. Overall, our measurements confirm that Eri IV and Cen I are dark-matter-dominated galaxies with properties largely consistent with other known ultrafaint dwarf galaxies. The low metallicity, right-skewed metallicity distribution, and high J-factor make Eri IV an especially interesting candidate for further follow-up.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
OSTI ID:
2283259
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2346173
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal, Journal Name: The Astrophysical Journal Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 961; ISSN 0004-637X
Publisher:
American Astronomical SocietyCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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