Effect of solid-electrolyte pellet density on failure of solid-state batteries

Diallo, Mouhamad S.; Shi, Tan; Zhang, Yaqian; Peng, Xinxing; Shozib, Imtiaz; Wang, Yan; Miara, Lincoln J.; Scott, Mary C.; Tu, Qingsong Howard; Ceder, Gerbrand

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45030-7

Effect of solid-electrolyte pellet density on failure of solid-state batteries

Journal Article · Mon Jan 29 00:00:00 UTC 2024 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45030-7· OSTI ID:2283116

Diallo, Mouhamad S.; ; Zhang, Yaqian; Peng, Xinxing; ; ; ; ; Tu, Qingsong Howard;

Abstract

Despite the potentially higher energy density and improved safety of solid-state batteries (SSBs) relative to Li-ion batteries, failure due to Li-filament penetration of the solid electrolyte and subsequent short circuit remains a critical issue. Herein, we show that Li-filament growth is suppressed in solid-electrolyte pellets with a relative density beyond ~95%. Below this threshold value, however, the battery shorts more easily as the density increases due to faster Li-filament growth within the percolating pores in the pellet. The microstructural properties (e.g., pore size, connectivity, porosity, and tortuosity) of $$$$75\%{{{{{\rm{L}}}}}}{{{{{{\rm{i}}}}}}}_{2}{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}-25\%{{{{{{\rm{P}}}}}}}_{2}{{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}}_{5}$$$$ $75 % L i_{2} S - 25 % P_{2} S_{5}$ with various relative densities are quantified using focused ion beam–scanning electron microscopy tomography and permeability tests. Furthermore, modeling results provide details on the Li-filament growth inside pores ranging from 0.2 to 2 μm in size. Our findings improve the understanding of the failure modes of SSBs and provide guidelines for the design of dendrite-free SSBs.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Scientific User Facilities (SUF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2283116

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2336730

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 15; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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