Real-time breath analysis towards a healthy human breath profile

Sasiene, Zachary Joseph; LeBrun, Erick Scott; Schaller, Eric; Mach, Phillip Michael; Taylor, Robert; Candelaria, Lionel; Glaros, Trevor Griffiths; Baca, Justin; McBride, Ethan Matthew

doi:10.1088/1752-7163/ad1cf1

Real-time breath analysis towards a healthy human breath profile

Journal Article · Mon Jan 22 23:00:00 EST 2024 · Journal of Breath Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1752-7163/ad1cf1· OSTI ID:2282376

Sasiene, Zachary Joseph; LeBrun, Erick Scott; Schaller, Eric; Mach, Phillip Michael; Taylor, Robert; Candelaria, Lionel; Glaros, Trevor Griffiths; ;

Abstract

The direct analysis of molecules contained within human breath has had significant implications for clinical and diagnostic applications in recent decades. However, attempts to compare one study to another or to reproduce previous work are hampered by: variability between sampling methodologies, human phenotypic variability, complex interactions between compounds within breath, and confounding signals from comorbidities. Towards this end, we have endeavored to create an averaged healthy human ‘profile’ against which follow-on studies might be compared. Through the use of direct secondary electrospray ionization combined with a high-resolution mass spectrometry and in-house bioinformatics pipeline, we seek to curate an average healthy human profile for breath and use this model to distinguish differences inter- and intra-day for human volunteers. Breath samples were significantly different in PERMANOVA analysis and ANOSIM analysis based on Time of Day, Participant ID, Date of Sample, Sex of Participant, and Age of Participant ( p < 0.001). Optimal binning analysis identify strong associations between specific features and variables. These include 227 breath features identified as unique identifiers for 28 of the 31 participants. Four signals were identified to be strongly associated with female participants and one with male participants. A total of 37 signals were identified to be strongly associated with the time-of-day samples were taken. Threshold indicator taxa analysis indicated a shift in significant breath features across the age gradient of participants with peak disruption of breath metabolites occurring at around age 32. Forty-eight features were identified after filtering from which a healthy human breath profile for all participants was created.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 2282376

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2280719
OSTI ID: 2281511

Journal Information:: Journal of Breath Research, Journal Name: Journal of Breath Research Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 18; ISSN 1752-7155

Publisher:: IOP PublishingCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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