Unlocking Efficient Ultrafast Bound-Electron Optical Nonlinearities via Mirror Induced Quasi Bound States in the Continuum

Yang, Guoce; Allen, Monica S.; Allen, Jeffery W.; Harutyunyan, Hayk

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04431

Title: Unlocking Efficient Ultrafast Bound-Electron Optical Nonlinearities via Mirror Induced Quasi Bound States in the Continuum

Journal Article · Tue Jan 23 00:00:00 EST 2024 · Nano Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04431· OSTI ID:2282362

^[1]; Allen, Monica S. ^[2]; Allen, Jeffery W. ^[2];

^[1]

Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
Air Force Research Laboratory, Munitions Directorate, Eglin AFB, Florida 32542, United States

The operation of photonic devices often relies on modulation of their refractive index. While the sub-bandgap index change through bound-electron optical nonlinearity offers a faster response than utilizing free carriers with an overbandgap pump, optical switching often suffers from inefficiency. Here, we use a recently observed metasurface based on mirror-induced optical bound states in the continuum, to enable superior modulation characteristics. We achieve a pulsewidth-limited switching time of 100 fs, reflectance change of 22%, remarkably low energy consumption of 255 μJ/cm², and an enhancement of modulation contrast by a factor of 440 compared to unpatterned silicon. Additionally, the narrow photonic resonance facilitates the detection of the dispersive nondegenerate two-photon nonlinearity, allowing tunable pump and probe excitation. These findings are explained by a two-band theoretical model for the dispersive nonlinear index. The demonstrated efficient and rapid switching holds immense potential for applications, including quantum photonics, sensing, and metrology.

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Research Organization:: Emory Univ., Atlanta, GA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); National Science Foundation (NSF)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0020101; CBET-2231857

OSTI ID:: 2282362

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2294037

Journal Information:: Nano Letters, Journal Name: Nano Letters Vol. 24 Journal Issue: 5; ISSN 1530-6984

Publisher:: American Chemical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Unlocking Efficient Ultrafast Bound-Electron Optical Nonlinearities via Mirror Induced Quasi Bound States in the Continuum

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