QCD running couplings and effective charges

Deur, Alexandre; Brodsky, Stanley J.; Roberts, Craig D.

doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104081

Title: QCD running couplings and effective charges

Journal Article · Tue Oct 10 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104081· OSTI ID:2281722

^[1];

^[2]; Roberts, Craig D. ^[3]

Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States)
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)
Nanjing Univ. (China)

Here we discuss our present knowledge of $$\alpha_s$$, the fundamental running coupling or effective charge of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). A precise understanding of the running of $$\alpha_s(Q^2) $$ at high momentum transfer, $$Q$$, is necessary for any perturbative QCD calculation. Equally important, the behavior of $$\alpha_s$$} at low $Q^2$ in the nonperturbative QCD domain is critical for understanding strong interaction phenomena, including the emergence of mass and quark confinement. The behavior of $$\alpha_s(Q^2)$$ at all momentum transfers also provides a connection between perturbative and nonperturbative QCD phenomena, such as hadron spectroscopy and dynamics. We first sketch the origin of the QCD coupling, the reason why its magnitude depends on the scale at which hadronic phenomena are probed, and the resulting consequences for QCD phenomenology. We then summarize latest measurements in both the perturbative and nonperturbative domains. New theory developments include the derivation of the universal nonperturbative behavior of $$\alpha_s(Q^2)$$ from both the Dyson-Schwinger equations and light-front holography. We also describe theory advances for the calculation of gluon and quark Schwinger functions in the nonperturbative domain and the relation of these quantities to $$\alpha_s$$. We conclude by highlighting how the nonperturbative knowledge of $$\alpha_s$$ is now providing a parameter-free determination of hadron spectroscopy and structure, a central and long-sought goal of QCD studies.

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Research Organization:: Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (TJNAF), Newport News, VA (United States); SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Menlo Park, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); USDOE Office of Nuclear Energy (NE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-06OR23177; AC02-76SF00515; 12135007

OSTI ID:: 2281722

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2224135

Report Number(s):: JLAB-PHY-23-3791; DOE/OR/23177-6092; 12135007

Journal Information:: Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vol. 134; ISSN 0146-6410

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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