Influences of ocean conditions and feeding ecology on the survival of juvenile Chinook Salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha )

Hertz, E.; Trudel, M.; Tucker, S.; Beacham, T. D.; Parken, C.; Mackas, D.; Mazumder, A.

doi:10.1111/fog.12161

Title: Influences of ocean conditions and feeding ecology on the survival of juvenile Chinook Salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha )

Journal Article · Mon Jun 27 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Fisheries Oceanography

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12161· OSTI ID:2280415

Hertz, E. ^[1]; Trudel, M. ^[2]; Tucker, S. ^[3]; Beacham, T. D. ^[3]; Parken, C. ^[4]; Mackas, D. ^[5]; Mazumder, A. ^[1]

Department of Biology University of Victoria PO Box 3020, Station CSC Victoria British Columbia V8W 3N5 Canada
Department of Biology University of Victoria PO Box 3020, Station CSC Victoria British Columbia V8W 3N5 Canada, Pacific Biological Station Fisheries and Oceans Canada 3190 Hammond Bay Road Nanaimo British Columbia V9T 6N7 Canada
Pacific Biological Station Fisheries and Oceans Canada 3190 Hammond Bay Road Nanaimo British Columbia V9T 6N7 Canada
Fisheries and Oceans Canada 985 McGill Place, Kamloops British Columbia V2C 6X6 Canada
Institute of Ocean Sciences Fisheries and Oceans Canada 9865 West Saanich Road Sidney British Columbia V8L 5Y8 Canada

Abstract Recruitment variability in many fish populations is postulated to be influenced by climatic and oceanographic variability. However, a mechanistic understanding of the influence of specific variables on recruitment is generally lacking. Feeding ecology is one possible mechanism that more directly links ocean conditions and recruitment. We test this mechanism using juvenile Chinook Salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) collected off the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, in 2000–2009. Stable isotopes of carbon ( δ ¹³ C), an indicator of temperature or primary productivity, and nitrogen ( δ ¹⁵ N), an indicator of trophic position, were taken from muscle tissues of genetically stock‐identified salmon. We also collated large‐scale climate indices (e.g., Pacific Decadal Oscillation, North Pacific Gyre Oscillation), local climate variables (e.g., sea surface temperature) and copepod community composition across these years. We used a Bayesian network to determine how ocean conditions influenced feeding ecology, and subsequent survival rates. We found that smolt survival of Chinook Salmon is predicted by their δ ¹³ C value, but not their δ ¹⁵ N. In turn, large‐scale climate variability determined the δ ¹³ C values of salmon, thus linking climate to survival through feeding ecology, likely through qualities propagated from the base of the food chain.

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Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

OSTI ID:: 2280415

Journal Information:: Fisheries Oceanography, Journal Name: Fisheries Oceanography Vol. 25 Journal Issue: 4; ISSN 1054-6006

Publisher:: Wiley-BlackwellCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Country unknown/Code not available

Language:: English

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