Why Dissolving Salt in Water Decreases Its Dielectric Permittivity

Zhang, Chunyi; Yue, Shuwen; Panagiotopoulos, Athanassios Z.; Klein, Michael L.; Wu, Xifan

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.131.076801

Why Dissolving Salt in Water Decreases Its Dielectric Permittivity

Journal Article · Wed Aug 16 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Physical Review Letters

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.131.076801· OSTI ID:2421254

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Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States); OSTI
Princeton Univ., NJ (United States)
Temple Univ., Philadelphia, PA (United States)

The dielectric permittivity of salt water decreases on dissolving more salt. For nearly a century, this phenomenon has been explained by invoking saturation in the dielectric response of the solvent water molecules. Herein, we employ an advanced deep neural network (DNN), built using data from density functional theory, to study the dielectric permittivity of sodium chloride solutions. Notably, the decrease in the dielectric permittivity as a function of concentration, computed using the DNN approach, agrees well with experiments. Detailed analysis of the computations reveals that the dominant effect, caused by the intrusion of ionic hydration shells into the solvent hydrogen-bond network, is the disruption of dipolar correlations among water molecules. Accordingly, the observed decrease in the dielectric permittivity is mostly due to increasing suppression of the collective response of solvent waters.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Princeton Univ., NJ (United States); Univ. of California, Oakland, CA (United States); UT-Battelle LLC/ORNL, Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC); National Science Foundation (NSF); US Army Research Office (ARO)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0019394; AC02-05CH11231; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2421254

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2280404

Journal Information:: Physical Review Letters, Journal Name: Physical Review Letters Journal Issue: 7 Vol. 131; ISSN 0031-9007

Publisher:: American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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