Direct recycling of spent nickel-rich cathodes in reciprocal ternary molten salts

Wang, Tao; Luo, Huimin; Bai, Yaocai; Belharouak, Ilias; Jayanthi, Kumar; Paranthaman, Mariappan Parans; Manard, Benjamin T.; Wang, Evelyna Tsi-Hsin; Dogan, Fulya; Son, Seoung-Bum; Ingram, Brian J.; Dai, Qiang; Dai, Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233798

Direct recycling of spent nickel-rich cathodes in reciprocal ternary molten salts

Journal Article · Tue Dec 26 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Journal of Power Sources

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233798· OSTI ID:2278912

Wang, Tao ^[1]; Luo, Huimin ^[2]; Bai, Yaocai ^[2]; Belharouak, Ilias ^[2]; Jayanthi, Kumar ^[2]; Paranthaman, Mariappan Parans ^[2]; Manard, Benjamin T. ^[2]; Wang, Evelyna Tsi-Hsin ^[3]; Dogan, Fulya ^[3]; Son, Seoung-Bum ^[3]; Ingram, Brian J. ^[3]; Dai, Qiang ^[3]; ^[1]

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States); Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN (United States)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have revolutionized portable electronics and electric vehicles (EVs), but the growing accumulation of end-of-life (EOL) batteries poses environmental challenges. Recycling high-value cathodes from EOL LIBs can minimize waste and reduce the need for mining critical minerals. Here, this study focuses on the direct recycling of Ni-rich cathodes, particularly lithium-manganese-cobalt-oxide (NMC) 622 in a “reciprocal ternary molten salts (RTMS)" system. The ionothermal relithiation in the RTMS system successfully restores the layered structure, lithium content, and electrochemical performance of the NMC 622 cathode, comparable to the pristine material. The cost analysis reveals that cathode regeneration through ionothermal relithiation is more economical than virgin production or conventional recycling methods.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC05-00OR22725

OSTI ID:: 2278912

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2368954
OSTI ID: 2498396

Journal Information:: Journal of Power Sources, Journal Name: Journal of Power Sources Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 593; ISSN 0378-7753

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Direct recycling of spent nickel-rich cathodes in reciprocal ternary molten salts

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