Electrical Conductivity and Electrochemical Characteristics of Na{sub 3}V{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}-Based NASICON-Type Materials

Journal Article · Wed Aug 15 00:00:00 EDT 2018 · Inorganic Materials

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020168518080149· OSTI ID:22787989

Larkovich, R. V. ^[1]; Chekannikov, A. A. ^[2]; Kulova, T. L.; Skundin, A. M. ^[3]; Yaroslavtsev, A. B. ^[4]

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1. Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry (Russian Federation)
2. Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Russian Federation)
3. Russian Academy of Sciences, Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry (Russian Federation)
4. Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry (Russian Federation)

NASICON-type materials with the compositions Na{sub 3}V{sub 2–x}Al{sub x}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, Na{sub 3}V{sub 2-} {sub x}Fe{sub x}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, Na{sub 3+} {sub x}V{sub 2–x}Ni{sub x}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}, and Na{sub 3}V{sub 2-} {sub x}Cr{sub x}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3} (x = 0, 0.03, 0.05, and 0.1) have been prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, electron microscopy, and impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the highest electrical conductivity among the samples studied is offered by the material doped with 5% Fe: Na{sub 3}V{sub 1.9}Fe{sub 0.1}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}. The activation energy for low-temperature conduction in the doped materials decreases from 84 ± 2 to 54 ± 1 kJ/mol and that for high-temperature conduction is ~33 kJ/mol. The discharge capacity of Na{sub 3}V{sub 1.9}Fe{sub 0.1}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}/C under typical working conditions of cathodes of sodium ion batteries has been shown to exceed that of Na{sub 3}V{sub 2}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}/C. The capacity of the more porous material prepared by the Pechini process (Na{sub 3}V{sub 1.9}Fe{sub 0.1}(PO{sub 4}){sub 3}/C-{II}) approaches the theoretical one at a low charge–discharge rate and retains its high level as the charge rate is raised (its discharge capacity was 117.6, 108.8, and 82.6 mAh/g at a discharge rate of 0.1C, 2C, and 8C, respectively).

• OSTI ID: 22787989
• Journal Information: Inorganic Materials, Vol. 54, Issue 8; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2018 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0020-1685
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
25 ENERGY STORAGE
ACTIVATION ENERGY
CAPACITY
CATHODES
DOPED MATERIALS
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
POROUS MATERIALS
SODIUM IONS
SODIUM PHOSPHATES
SPECTROSCOPY
VANADIUM PHOSPHATES
WORKING CONDITIONS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION