Methods of chemical and phase composition analysis of gallstones

Journal Article · Tue Nov 14 23:00:00 EST 2017 · Crystallography Reports

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063774517060232· OSTI ID:22758334

Pantushev, V. V.; Voloshin, A. E. ^[1]

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1. Russian Academy of Sciences, Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Center Crystallography and Photonics (Russian Federation)

This review presents the instrumental methods used for chemical and phase composition investigation of gallstones. A great body of data has been collected in the literature on the presence of elements and their concentrations, obtained by fluorescence microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, neutron activation analysis, proton (particle) induced X-ray emission, atomic absorption spectroscopy, high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry, electron paramagnetic resonance. Structural methods—powder X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy—provide information about organic and inorganic phases in gallstones. Stone morphology was studied at the macrolevel with optical microscopy. Results obtained by analytical scanning and transmission electron microscopy with X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry are discussed. The chemical composition and structure of gallstones determine the strategy of removing stone from the body and treatment of patients: surgery or dissolution in the body. Therefore one chapter of the review describes the potential of dissolution methods. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of the disease depend on the development of clinical methods for in vivo investigation, which gave grounds to present the main characteristics and potential of ultrasonography (ultrasound scanning), magnetic resonance imaging, and X-ray computed tomography.

• OSTI ID: 22758334
• Journal Information: Crystallography Reports, Journal Name: Crystallography Reports Journal Issue: 6 Vol. 62; ISSN CYSTE3; ISSN 1063-7745
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
BILIARY TRACT
CALCULI
COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY
ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE
FLUORESCENCE
GAMMA SPECTROSCOPY
INFRARED SPECTRA
MORPHOLOGY
NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
OPTICAL MICROSCOPY
POWDERS
PROTONS
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
RESOLUTION
REVIEWS
TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
ULTRASONOGRAPHY
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS