Identification of anti-viral activity of the cardenolides, Na{sup +}/K{sup +}-ATPase inhibitors, against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Journal Article · Sun Oct 01 04:00:00 EDT 2017 · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TAAP.2017.04.017· OSTI ID:22722933

Yang, Cheng-Wei; Chang, Hsin-Yu; Hsu, Hsing-Yu; Lee, Yue-Zhi ^[1]; Chang, Hsun-Shuo; Chen, Ih-Sheng ^[2]; Lee, Shiow-Ju ^[1]

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1. Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan, ROC (China)
2. School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan, ROC (China)

A series of naturally occurring cardenolides that exhibit potent anti-transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) activity in swine testicular (ST) cells has been identified. In an immunofluorescence assay, these cardenolides were found to diminish the expressions of TGEV nucleocapsid and spike protein, which was used as an indication for viral replication; block TGEV infection induced apoptosis and cytopathic effects; and impart the same trend of inhibitory activity against Na{sup +}/K{sup +}-ATPase as for anti-TGEV activity. The viral titer inhibition was found to take place in a dose-dependent manner. Knocking down expression of Na{sup +}/K{sup +}-ATPase, the cellular receptor of cardenolides, in ST cells was found to significantly impair the susceptibility of ST cells to TGEV infectivity. Thus, we have identified Na{sup +}/K{sup +}-ATPase as an anti-viral drug target and its antagonists, cardenolides, a novel class of anti- TGEV agents. - Highlights: • Cardenolides were identified as a novel class of anti-TGEV agents. • Cardenolides diminished TGEV replication/viral titers in a dose dependent manner. • Cardenolides blocked TGEV infection induced apoptosis and cytopathic effect. • These cardenolides imparted the same trend of inhibitory activity for Na{sup +}/K{sup +}-ATPase. • Na{sup +}/K{sup +}-ATPase was identified as an anti-viral drug target.

• OSTI ID: 22722933
• Journal Information: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Journal Name: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology Vol. 332; ISSN TXAPA9; ISSN 0041-008X
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
INFECTIVITY
INHIBITION
SODIUM IONS
VIRUSES