MKK4 activates non-canonical NFκB signaling by promoting NFκB2-p100 processing
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Tissue Injury Defense Research Center, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985 (Korea, Republic of)
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030 (United States)
The NFκB family of transcription factors is crucial for innate or adaptive immunity, inflammation, and diseases including cancer. The two NFκB signaling pathways (canonical and non-canonical) differ from each other in extracellular signals, membrane receptors, signaling adaptors, and dimer subunits. The p52 (NFκB2) subunit, which participates in the non-canonical pathway, is generated by ubiquitin-mediated processing of the p100 precursor. Here, we found that NFκB2 processing and activation were mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-4 (MKK4) and its substrate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). In MKK4-null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), serum- and lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) antibody-induced processing of p100 and nuclear translocation of p52 were found to be defective. Serum and LTβR antibody activated the MKK4-JNK signaling pathway, and SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, blocked p100 processing. Cellular senescence, one of the responses regulated by the non-canonical NFκB pathway, was observed more frequently in MKK4-null MEFs than in wildtype cells. These results suggest that the MKK4/JNK-dependent pathway regulates NFκB2 processing/activation and, through this mechanism, MKK4 and NFκB2 control cellular growth and senescence. - Highlights: • MKK4 is required for processing and activation of non-canonical NFκB2-p100. • Nuclear translocation of NFκB2-p52 is dependent on ERK activity. • MKK4 depletion and NFκB2 inactivation induces cellular senescence.
- OSTI ID:
- 22719076
- Journal Information:
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Journal Name: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Journal Issue: 2 Vol. 491; ISSN 0006-291X; ISSN BBRCA9
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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