Association of cadmium and arsenic exposure with salivary telomere length in adolescents in Terai, Nepal

Journal Article · Mon Aug 15 04:00:00 EDT 2016 · Environmental Research

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVRES.2016.04.037· OSTI ID:22687755

Fillman, Toki ^[1]; Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana ^[1]; Watanabe, Chiho ^[1]

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1. Department of Human Ecology, School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 (Japan)

Background: Cadmium and arsenic are ubiquitous metals commonly found in the environment which can harm human health. A growing body of research shows telomere length as a potential biomarker of future disease risk. Few studies have examined the effects of metals on telomere length and none have focused on adolescents. Objectives: In this study, the impact of cadmium and arsenic on salivary telomere length was studied in adolescents in Terai, Nepal. Methods: Adolescents aged 12–16 years old (n=351)were recruited where questionnaire interviews and both saliva and urine collection took place. Telomere length was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using DNA extracted from saliva. Urinary cadmium and arsenic concentration were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations between urinary metals and salivary telomere length. Results: The geometric means and standard deviations of cadmium and arsenic were 0.33±0.33 μg/g creatinine and 196.0±301.1 μg/g creatinine, respectively. Urinary cadmium concentration was negatively associated with salivary telomere length after adjustment for confounders (β=−0.24, 95% CI −0.42,−0.07). Arsenic showed positive associations with telomere length but did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate that cadmium may shorten adolescent telomeres, even at exposure levels that may be considered low. These results agree with prior experimental and adult epidemiological studies, and also help identify the mechanism of DNA damage by cadmium. This study expanded current evidence on the harmful effects of cadmium exposure on telomere length even to adolescents. - Highlights: • This is the first study examining metal exposure on telomere length in adolescents. • Urinary cadmium levels were similar to non-industrially polluted levels in Asia. • Urinary arsenic levels were as high as groundwater arsenic polluted areas in Asia. • Urinary cadmium was negatively associated with salivary telomere length. • Urinary arsenic was not significantly associated with salivary telomere length.

• OSTI ID: 22687755
• Journal Information: Environmental Research, Journal Name: Environmental Research Vol. 149; ISSN ENVRAL; ISSN 0013-9351
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
ADOLESCENTS
ARSENIC
CADMIUM
CREATININE
DNA
DNA DAMAGES
ICP MASS SPECTROSCOPY
LENGTH
POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
PUBLIC HEALTH
TELOMERES