Spectroscopic studies of the physical origin of environmental aging effects on doped graphene

Journal Article · Tue Jun 21 00:00:00 EDT 2016 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953815· OSTI ID:22596817

Chang, J. -K. ^[1]; Hsu, C. -C. ^[1]; Liu, S. -Y.; Wu, C. -I. ^[2]; Gharib, M. ^[3]

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1. Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 (United States)
2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan (China)
3. Department of Aeronautics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 (United States)

The environmental aging effect of doped graphene is investigated as a function of the organic doping species, humidity, and the number of graphene layers adjacent to the dopant by studies of the Raman spectroscopy, x-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and electrical transport measurements. It is found that higher humidity and structural defects induce faster degradation in doped graphene. Detailed analysis of the spectroscopic data suggest that the physical origin of the aging effect is associated with the continuing reaction of H{sub 2}O molecules with the hygroscopic organic dopants, which leads to formation of excess chemical bonds, reduction in the doped graphene carrier density, and proliferation of damages from the graphene grain boundaries. These environmental aging effects are further shown to be significantly mitigated by added graphene layers.

• OSTI ID: 22596817
• Journal Information: Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 119, Issue 23; Other Information: (c) 2016 Author(s); Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0021-8979
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
AGING
CARRIER DENSITY
CHEMICAL BONDS
DOPED MATERIALS
GRAIN BOUNDARIES
GRAPHENE
HUMIDITY
INFRARED SPECTRA
LAYERS
PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
WATER
X RADIATION