Resolving hot spot microstructure using x-ray penumbral imaging (invited)

Field, J.; Masters, N.; Pardini, T.; Rygg, J. R.; Benedetti, L. R.; Döppner, T.; Izumi, N.; LePape, S.; Ma, T.; MacPhee, A. G.; Nagel, S.; Patel, P.; Spears, B.; Landen, O. L.; Hilsabeck, T.; Reed, C.; Alexander, N.; Forsman, A.

doi:10.1063/1.4959161

Resolving hot spot microstructure using x-ray penumbral imaging (invited)

Journal Article · Tue Nov 15 04:00:00 EST 2016 · Review of Scientific Instruments

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4959161· OSTI ID:22596544

Field, J.; Masters, N.; Pardini, T.; Rygg, J. R.; Benedetti, L. R.; Döppner, T.; Izumi, N.; LePape, S.; Ma, T.; MacPhee, A. G.; Nagel, S.; Patel, P.; Spears, B.; Landen, O. L. ^[1]; Hilsabeck, T.; Reed, C.; Alexander, N.; Forsman, A. ^[2]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550 (United States)
General Atomics, San Diego, California 92186 (United States)

We have developed and fielded x-ray penumbral imaging on the National Ignition Facility in order to enable sub-10 μm resolution imaging of stagnated plasma cores (hot spots) of spherically shock compressed spheres and shell implosion targets. By utilizing circular tungsten and tantalum apertures with diameters ranging from 20 μm to 2 mm, in combination with image plate and gated x-ray detectors as well as imaging magnifications ranging from 4 to 64, we have demonstrated high-resolution imaging of hot spot plasmas at x-ray energies above 5 keV. Here we give an overview of the experimental design criteria involved and demonstrate the most relevant influences on the reconstruction of x-ray penumbral images, as well as mitigation strategies of image degrading effects like over-exposed pixels, artifacts, and photon limited source emission. We describe experimental results showing the advantages of x-ray penumbral imaging over conventional Fraunhofer and photon limited pinhole imaging and showcase how internal hot spot microstructures can be resolved.

OSTI ID:: 22596544

Journal Information:: Review of Scientific Instruments, Journal Name: Review of Scientific Instruments Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 87; ISSN 0034-6748; ISSN RSINAK

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (38)

The Fourier reconstruction of a head section Shepp, L. A.; Logan, B. F. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Vol. 21, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1109/tns.1974.6499235	journal	June 1974
Fuel gain exceeding unity in an inertially confined fusion implosion Hurricane, O. A.; Callahan, D. A.; Casey, D. T. Nature, Vol. 506, Issue 7488 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13008	journal	February 2014
X-Ray Interactions: Photoabsorption, Scattering, Transmission, and Reflection at E = 50-30,000 eV, Z = 1-92 Henke, B. L.; Gullikson, E. M.; Davis, J. C. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, Vol. 54, Issue 2, p. 181-342 https://doi.org/10.1006/adnd.1993.1013	journal	July 1993
Advances in x-ray framing cameras at the National Ignition Facility to improve quantitative precision in x-ray imaging Benedetti, L. R.; Holder, J. P.; Perkins, M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 87, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4941754	journal	February 2016
Note: A monoenergetic proton backlighter for the National Ignition Facility Rygg, J. R.; Zylstra, A. B.; Séguin, F. H. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 86, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935581	journal	November 2015
Improved Performance of High Areal Density Indirect Drive Implosions at the National Ignition Facility using a Four-Shock Adiabat Shaped Drive Casey, D. T.; Milovich, J. L.; Smalyuk, V. A. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 115, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.105001	journal	September 2015
A Review of Image Denoising Algorithms, with a New One Buades, A.; Coll, B.; Morel, J. M. Multiscale Modeling & Simulation, Vol. 4, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1137/040616024	journal	January 2005
Novel x‐ray imaging methods at the Nova laser facility (invited) Ress, D.; DaSilva, L. B.; London, R. A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 66, Issue 1, p. 579-584 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1146290	journal	January 1995
X-ray Thomson scattering as a temperature probe for Gbar shock experiments Döppner, T.; Kritcher, A. L.; Kraus, D. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 500, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/500/19/192019	journal	May 2014
Radiation hydrodynamics modeling of the highest compression inertial confinement fusion ignition experiment from the National Ignition Campaign Clark, D. S.; Marinak, M. M.; Weber, C. R. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4906897	journal	February 2015
The neutron imaging diagnostic at NIF (invited) Merrill, F. E.; Bower, D.; Buckles, R. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4739242	journal	October 2012
D3He-proton emission imaging for inertial-confinement-fusion experiments (invited) Séguin, F. H.; DeCiantis, J. L.; Frenje, J. A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 75, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1788892	journal	October 2004
Generation and Beaming of Early Hot Electrons onto the Capsule in Laser-Driven Ignition Hohlraums Dewald, E. L.; Hartemann, F.; Michel, P. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 116, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.075003	journal	February 2016
Neutron penumbral imaging of inertial confinement fusion targets at Phébus ^a) Delage, O.; Garconnet, J. ‐P.; Schirmann, D. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 66, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1146007	journal	February 1995
X-ray streak camera cathode development and timing accuracy of the 4ω ultraviolet fiducial system at the National Ignition Facility Opachich, Y. P.; Palmer, N.; Homoelle, D. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4732855	journal	October 2012
Review of the National Ignition Campaign 2009-2012 Lindl, John; Landen, Otto; Edwards, John Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4865400	journal	February 2014
First results of radiation-driven, layered deuterium-tritium implosions with a 3-shock adiabat-shaped drive at the National Ignition Facility Smalyuk, V. A.; Robey, H. F.; Döppner, T. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 22, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4929912	journal	August 2015
Performance of indirectly driven capsule implosions on the National Ignition Facility using adiabat-shaping Robey, H. F.; Smalyuk, V. A.; Milovich, J. L. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 23, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4944821	journal	May 2016
Dilation x-ray imager a new/faster gated x-ray imager for the NIF Nagel, S. R.; Hilsabeck, T. J.; Bell, P. M. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 83, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4732849	journal	October 2012
Thermonuclear particle imaging by maximum entropy Fews, A. P.; Lamb, M. J.; Savage, M. Optics Communications, Vol. 94, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(92)90023-k	journal	November 1992
On the determination of functions from their integral values along certain manifolds Radon, Johann IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/tmi.1986.4307775	journal	December 1986
Penumbral imaging of high energy X-rays from laser-produced plasmas Nugent, K. A.; Luther-Davies, B. Optics Communications, Vol. 49, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(84)90200-1	journal	April 1984
Investigation of ion kinetic effects in direct-drive exploding-pusher implosions at the NIF Rosenberg, M. J.; Zylstra, A. B.; Séguin, F. H. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4905064	journal	December 2014
X-ray continuum emission spectroscopy from hot dense matter at Gbar pressures Kraus, D.; Döppner, T.; Kritcher, A. L. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4890263	journal	November 2014
Neutron penumbral imaging of laser-fusion targets Lerche, R. A.; Ress, D.; Ellis, R. J. Laser and Particle Beams, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600002366	journal	March 1991
Simulating x-ray Thomson scattering signals from high-density, millimetre-scale plasmas at the National Ignition Facility Chapman, D. A.; Kraus, D.; Kritcher, A. L. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 21, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4893146	journal	August 2014
Using penumbral imaging to measure micrometer size plasma hot spots in Gbar equation of state experiments on the National Ignition Facility Bachmann, B.; Kritcher, A. L.; Benedetti, L. R. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4891303	journal	November 2014
Time-resolved measurements of the hot-electron population in ignition-scale experiments on the National Ignition Facility (invited) Hohenberger, M.; Albert, F.; Palmer, N. E. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 85, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4890537	journal	November 2014
Platform for spectrally resolved x-ray scattering from imploding capsules at the National Ignition Facility Kraus, D.; Döppner, T.; Kritcher, A. L. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 717 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/717/1/012067	journal	May 2016
Principles of Optics Born, Max; Wolf, Emil; Bhatia, A. B. Cambridge University Press https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139644181	book	January 1999
Probing matter at Gbar pressures at the NIF Kritcher, A. L.; Döppner, T.; Swift, D. High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2013.11.002	journal	March 2014
Neutron imaging of ICF target plasmas (invited) Disdier, L.; Rouyer, A.; Fedotoff, A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 74, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1534931	journal	March 2003
eHXI: a permanently installed, hard x-ray imager for the National Ignition Facility Döppner, T.; Bachmann, B.; Albert, F. Journal of Instrumentation, Vol. 11, Issue 06 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/06/p06010	journal	June 2016
Observations and modeling of debris and shrapnel impacts on optics and diagnostics at the National Ignition Facility Eder, D.; Bailey, D.; Chambers, F. EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 59 https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20135908010	journal	January 2013
Shock Hugoniot measurements of CH at Gbar pressures at the NIF Kritcher, A. L.; Doeppner, T.; Swift, D. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 688 https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/688/1/012055	journal	March 2016
High-energy x-ray backlighter spectrum measurements using calibrated image plates Maddox, B. R.; Park, H. S.; Remington, B. A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 82, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3531979	journal	February 2011
A new simple method for decoding penumbra image: The filtered autocorrelation Rouyer, Alain Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 74, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1539893	journal	March 2003
High-speed three-dimensional plasma temperature determination of axially symmetric free-burning arcs Bachmann, B.; Kozakov, R.; Gött, G. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/46/12/125203	journal	February 2013

Cited By (7)

X-ray penumbral imaging diagnostic developments at the National Ignition Facility Felker, Sean J.; Bachmann, Benjamin; Abu Shawareb, Hatim Target Diagnostics Physics and Engineering for Inertial Confinement Fusion VI https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2274611	conference	September 2017
A Wolter imager on the Z machine to diagnose warm x-ray sources Fein, J. R.; Ampleford, D. J.; Vogel, J. K. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5038347	journal	October 2018
Imaging at an x-ray absorption edge using free electron laser pulses for interface dynamics in high energy density systems Beckwith, M. A.; Jiang, S.; Schropp, A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 88, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4982166	journal	May 2017
A near one-dimensional indirectly driven implosion at convergence ratio 30 MacLaren, S. A.; Masse, L. P.; Czajka, C. E. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 25, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5017976	journal	May 2018
Turbulent mixing and transition criteria of flows induced by hydrodynamic instabilities Zhou, Ye; Clark, Timothy T.; Clark, Daniel S. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5088745	journal	August 2019
Implosion performance of subscale beryllium capsules on the NIF Zylstra, A. B.; MacLaren, S.; Yi, S. A. Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 26, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5098319	journal	May 2019
Using time-resolved penumbral imaging to measure low hot spot x-ray emission signals from capsule implosions at the National Ignition Facility Bishel, D. T.; Bachmann, B.; Yi, A. Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 89, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5037073	journal	October 2018

Similar Records

Resolving hot spot microstructure using x-ray penumbral imaging (invited)

Journal Article · Thu Aug 04 20:00:00 EDT 2016 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:1466905

Using time-resolved penumbral imaging to measure low hot spot x-ray emission signals from capsule implosions at the National Ignition Facility

Journal Article · Wed Sep 26 20:00:00 EDT 2018 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:1464605

An x-ray penumbral imager for measurements of electron–temperature profiles in inertial confinement fusion implosions at OMEGA

Journal Article · Wed Mar 31 20:00:00 EDT 2021 · Review of Scientific Instruments · OSTI ID:1810376

Related Subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
APERTURES
EMISSION
HOT SPOTS
IGNITION
IMAGES
IMPLOSIONS
KEV RANGE 01-10
MICROSTRUCTURE
MITIGATION
PHOTONS
PLASMA
PLATES
RESOLUTION
SHELLS
SPHERICAL CONFIGURATION
TANTALUM
TUNGSTEN
X RADIATION

Resolving hot spot microstructure using x-ray penumbral imaging (invited)

Citation Formats

References (38)

Cited By (7)

Similar Records

Related Subjects