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Title: Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider

Abstract

Kinetic, time-dependent, electromagnetic, particle-in-cell simulations of the inductive current divider are presented. The inductive current divider is a passive method for controlling the trajectory of an intense, hollow electron beam using a vacuum structure that inductively splits the beam's return current. The current divider concept was proposed and studied theoretically in a previous publication [Swanekamp et al., Phys. Plasmas 22, 023107 (2015)]. A central post carries a portion of the return current (I{sub 1}), while the outer conductor carries the remainder (I{sub 2}) with the injected beam current given by I{sub b} = I{sub 1} + I{sub 2}. The simulations are in agreement with the theory which predicts that the total force on the beam trajectory is proportional to (I{sub 2}−I{sub 1}) and the force on the beam envelope is proportional to I{sub b}. Independent control over both the current density and the beam angle at the target is possible by choosing the appropriate current-divider geometry. The root-mean-square (RMS) beam emittance (ε{sub RMS}) varies as the beam propagates through the current divider to the target. For applications where control of the beam trajectory is desired and the current density at the target is similar to the current density at the entrance foil, there ismore » a modest 20% increase in ε{sub RMS} at the target. For other applications where the beam is pinched to a current density ∼5 times larger at the target, ε{sub RMS} is 2–3 times larger at the target.« less

Authors:
; ; ; ; ; ;  [1]
  1. Plasma Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia 20375 (United States)
Publication Date:
OSTI Identifier:
22489864
Resource Type:
Journal Article
Journal Name:
Physics of Plasmas
Additional Journal Information:
Journal Volume: 22; Journal Issue: 11; Other Information: (c) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); Journal ID: ISSN 1070-664X
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Subject:
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY; BEAM CURRENTS; BEAM EMITTANCE; COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION; CURRENT DENSITY; ELECTRON BEAMS; GEOMETRY; THREE-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS; TIME DEPENDENCE

Citation Formats

Swanekamp, S. B., Angus, J. R., Cooperstein, G., Ottinger, P. F., Richardson, A. S., Schumer, J. W., and Weber, B. V. Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider. United States: N. p., 2015. Web. doi:10.1063/1.4935893.
Swanekamp, S. B., Angus, J. R., Cooperstein, G., Ottinger, P. F., Richardson, A. S., Schumer, J. W., & Weber, B. V. Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider. United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935893
Swanekamp, S. B., Angus, J. R., Cooperstein, G., Ottinger, P. F., Richardson, A. S., Schumer, J. W., and Weber, B. V. 2015. "Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider". United States. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935893.
@article{osti_22489864,
title = {Particle-in-cell simulations of electron beam control using an inductive current divider},
author = {Swanekamp, S. B. and Angus, J. R. and Cooperstein, G. and Ottinger, P. F. and Richardson, A. S. and Schumer, J. W. and Weber, B. V.},
abstractNote = {Kinetic, time-dependent, electromagnetic, particle-in-cell simulations of the inductive current divider are presented. The inductive current divider is a passive method for controlling the trajectory of an intense, hollow electron beam using a vacuum structure that inductively splits the beam's return current. The current divider concept was proposed and studied theoretically in a previous publication [Swanekamp et al., Phys. Plasmas 22, 023107 (2015)]. A central post carries a portion of the return current (I{sub 1}), while the outer conductor carries the remainder (I{sub 2}) with the injected beam current given by I{sub b} = I{sub 1} + I{sub 2}. The simulations are in agreement with the theory which predicts that the total force on the beam trajectory is proportional to (I{sub 2}−I{sub 1}) and the force on the beam envelope is proportional to I{sub b}. Independent control over both the current density and the beam angle at the target is possible by choosing the appropriate current-divider geometry. The root-mean-square (RMS) beam emittance (ε{sub RMS}) varies as the beam propagates through the current divider to the target. For applications where control of the beam trajectory is desired and the current density at the target is similar to the current density at the entrance foil, there is a modest 20% increase in ε{sub RMS} at the target. For other applications where the beam is pinched to a current density ∼5 times larger at the target, ε{sub RMS} is 2–3 times larger at the target.},
doi = {10.1063/1.4935893},
url = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22489864}, journal = {Physics of Plasmas},
issn = {1070-664X},
number = 11,
volume = 22,
place = {United States},
year = {Sun Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2015},
month = {Sun Nov 15 00:00:00 EST 2015}
}