Using Dark Fiber and Distributed Acoustic Sensing to Characterize a Geothermal System in the Imperial Valley, Southern California

Cheng, Feng; Ajo‐Franklin, Jonathan B.; Nayak, Avinash; Tribaldos, Verónica Rodríguez; Mellors, Robert; Dobson, Patrick

doi:10.1029/2022jb025240

Using Dark Fiber and Distributed Acoustic Sensing to Characterize a Geothermal System in the Imperial Valley, Southern California

Journal Article · Thu Mar 02 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jb025240· OSTI ID:2234168

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Zhejiang Univ., Hangzhou (China); Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States)
Rice Univ., Houston, TX (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)
Univ. of San Diego, San Diego, CA (United States); The Scripps Research Inst., La Jolla, CA (United States)

The Imperial Valley, CA, is a tectonically active transtensional basin located south of the Salton Sea; the area hosts numerous geothermal fields, including significant hidden hydrothermal resources without surface manifestations. Development of inexpensive, rugged, and highly sensitive exploration techniques for undiscovered geothermal systems is critical for accelerating geothermal power deployment as well as unlocking a low-carbon energy future. We present a case study utilizing distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and ambient noise interferometry for geothermal reservoir imaging, utilizing unlit fiber-optic telecommunication infrastructure (dark fiber). The study exploits two days of passive DAS data acquired in early November 2020 over a ~28-km section of fiber from Calipatria, CA to Imperial, CA. We apply ambient noise interferometry to retrieve coherent signals from DAS records and develop a bin stacking technique to attenuate the effects from persistent localized noise sources and to enhance retrieval of coherent surface waves. As a result, we are able to obtain high-resolution two-dimensional (2D) S wave velocity ($$V_s$$) structure to 3 km depth, based on joint inversion of both the fundamental and higher overtones. We observe a previously unmapped high $$V_s$$ and low $$V_p$$/$$V_s$$ ratio feature beneath the Brawley geothermal system, which we interpret to be a zone of hydrothermal mineralization and lower porosity. This interpretation is consistent with a host of other measurements including surface heat flow, gravity anomalies, and available borehole wireline data. These results demonstrate the potential utility of DAS deployed on dark fiber for geothermal system exploration and characterization in the appropriate geological settings.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Geothermal Technologies Office

Contributing Organization:: Imperial Valley Dark Fiber Team

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2234168

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 128; ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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