Thermodynamic behavior of correlated electron-hole fluids in van der Waals heterostructures

Qi, Ruishi; Joe, Andrew Y.; Zhang, Zuocheng; Zeng, Yongxin; Zheng, Tiancheng; Feng, Qixin; Xie, Jingxu; Regan, Emma; Lu, Zheyu; Taniguchi, Takashi; Watanabe, Kenji; Tongay, Sefaattin; Crommie, Michael F.; MacDonald, Allan H.; Wang, Feng

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-43799-7

Thermodynamic behavior of correlated electron-hole fluids in van der Waals heterostructures

Journal Article · Wed Dec 13 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Nature Communications

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43799-7· OSTI ID:2229806

; ; ; Zeng, Yongxin; Zheng, Tiancheng; Feng, Qixin; ; ; Lu, Zheyu; ; ; ; ; ;

Abstract

Coupled two-dimensional electron-hole bilayers provide a unique platform to study strongly correlated Bose-Fermi mixtures in condensed matter. Electrons and holes in spatially separated layers can bind to form interlayer excitons, composite Bosons expected to support high-temperature exciton condensates. The interlayer excitons can also interact strongly with excess charge carriers when electron and hole densities are unequal. Here, we use optical spectroscopy to quantitatively probe the local thermodynamic properties of strongly correlated electron-hole fluids in MoSe ₂ /hBN/WSe ₂ heterostructures. We observe a discontinuity in the electron and hole chemical potentials at matched electron and hole densities, a definitive signature of an excitonic insulator ground state. The excitonic insulator is stable up to a Mott density of ~0.8 × 10 ¹² cm ⁻² and has a thermal ionization temperature of ~70 K. The density dependence of the electron, hole, and exciton chemical potentials reveals strong correlation effects across the phase diagram. Compared with a non-interacting uniform charge distribution, the correlation effects lead to significant attractive exciton-exciton and exciton-charge interactions in the electron-hole fluid. Our work highlights the unique quantum behavior that can emerge in strongly correlated electron-hole systems.

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Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR); USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Materials Sciences & Engineering Division (MSE)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231

OSTI ID:: 2229806

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2329274

Journal Information:: Nature Communications, Journal Name: Nature Communications Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 14; ISSN 2041-1723

Publisher:: Nature Publishing GroupCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United Kingdom

Language:: English

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