Radionuclide surrogate aerosolization, resuspension and suppression in hazardous situations

Credeur, Jr., Robert A.; Pak, Hyoungmook; Zhang, Meiyi; Tharrington, Wyat; Brack, Kyle; Rives, Charles; Grunlan, Jaime; King, Maria D.

doi:10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106252

Title: Radionuclide surrogate aerosolization, resuspension and suppression in hazardous situations

Journal Article · Mon Aug 21 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · Journal of Aerosol Science

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106252· OSTI ID:2228848

Credeur, Jr., Robert A. ^[1]; Pak, Hyoungmook ^[1]; Zhang, Meiyi ^[1]; Tharrington, Wyat ^[1]; Brack, Kyle ^[2]; Rives, Charles ^[3]; Grunlan, Jaime ^[1];

^[1]

Texas A & M Univ., College Station, TX (United States)
Pantex Plant (PTX), Amarillo, TX (United States)
US Department of Energy (USDOE), Washington, DC (United States)

Radioactive fire following nuclear accidents causes resuspension of radioactive contamination that can spread over large areas. Although many papers focus on particle deposition and resuspension, a limited number of studies model its suppression. Even less data is available for the comparison of emissions across particle size, surface, and mode of resuspension. In this study, cerium dioxide surrogate for internal hazards such as radionuclide particle matter was aerosolized into a large chamber and subsequently resuspended after sedimentation. Resuspension was induced by common modes of human movement including walking, wind, and driving on common surfaces including polyvinyl chloride (PVC), artificial grass (turf), and concrete in a 5.8 m long, 3.7 m wide and 3 m high tent. The resuspension was experimentally measured for two particle sizes (1 and 10 μm) at three different heights (0.3 m, 1.2 m, and 2.4 m) and compared across size, surface, and mode of resuspension. Particle size distribution was measured using an aerodynamic particle sizer and the resuspended particles were collected with the wetted wall cyclone aerosol collector and quantitated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The testing was repeated with the F-500 fire retardant application to study its effect on resuspension. In this study, artificial grass flooring was found to generate the most resuspension, with walking on turf for the 1 μm particle testing yielding the highest factor overall. Concrete had the lowest resuspension, showing variations in the size distribution of aerosol as a function of height from the source resuspension factors. The application of fire retardant was found to significantly reduce surrogate resuspension, regardless of resuspension method or testing surface. Here, the results provide impactful information regarding the different modes of resuspension including human transport (walking and driving) and wind for the resuspension of radionuclide surrogate particles deposited onto common surfaces and the effect of fire retardant application on their resuspension, leading to higher levels of safety for nuclear energy plants and facilities.

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Research Organization:: Pantex Plant (PTX), Amarillo, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0001942

OSTI ID:: 2228848

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1997593

Journal Information:: Journal of Aerosol Science, Vol. 174; ISSN 0021-8502

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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42 ENGINEERING
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
radionuclide surrogate
cerium dioxide
aerosolization
Wetted Wall Cyclone (WWC) collector
suppression
resuspension
fire retardant F-500.

Title: Radionuclide surrogate aerosolization, resuspension and suppression in hazardous situations

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References (35)

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