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Review on Low-Temperature Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion and Lithium Metal Batteries

Journal Article · · Electrochemical Energy Reviews
Abstract

Among various rechargeable batteries, the lithium-ion battery (LIB) stands out due to its high energy density, long cycling life, in addition to other outstanding properties. However, the capacity of LIB drops dramatically at low temperatures (LTs) below 0 °C, thus restricting its applications as a reliable power source for electric vehicles in cold climates and equipment used in the aerospace. The electrolyte engineering has proved to be one of the most effective approaches to mitigate LIB performance degradation at LTs. In this review, we summarize the important factors contributing to the deterioration in Li + transport and capacity utilization at LTs while systematically categorize the solvents, salts and additives reported in the literature. Strategies to improve the Li + transport kinetics, in the bulk electrolyte and across the interphases, are discussed. In particular, the formation mechanism of solid electrolyte interphase and its functionality for LT electrolytes are analyzed. Perspectives on the future evolution of this area are also provided.

Graphical abstract

Research Organization:
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012704
OSTI ID:
2228773
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2242385
Report Number(s):
BNL--225082-2023-JAAM; 35; PII: 199
Journal Information:
Electrochemical Energy Reviews, Journal Name: Electrochemical Energy Reviews Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 6; ISSN 2520-8489
Publisher:
Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
Singapore
Language:
English

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