Domain wall motion and electromechanical strain in lead-free piezoelectrics: Insight from the model system (1 − x)Ba(Zr{sub 0.2}Ti{sub 0.8})O{sub 3}–x(Ba{sub 0.7}Ca{sub 0.3})TiO{sub 3} using in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction during application of electric fields
Journal Article
·
· Journal of Applied Physics
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611 (United States)
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616 (United States)
- Illinois Institute of Technology, Armour College of Engineering, Chicago, Illinois 60616 (United States)
The piezoelectric compositions (1 − x)Ba(Zr{sub 0.2}Ti{sub 0.8})O{sub 3}–x(Ba{sub 0.7}Ca{sub 0.3})TiO{sub 3} (BZT-xBCT) span a model lead-free morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between room temperature rhombohedral and tetragonal phases at approximately x = 0.5. In the present work, in situ X-ray diffraction measurements during electric field application are used to elucidate the origin of electromechanical strain in several compositions spanning the tetragonal compositional range 0.6 ≤ x ≤ 0.9. As BCT concentration decreases towards the MPB, the tetragonal distortion (given by c/a-1) decreases concomitantly with an increase in 90° domain wall motion. The increase in observed macroscopic strain is predominantly attributed to the increased contribution from 90° domain wall motion. The results demonstrate that domain wall motion is a significant factor in achieving high strain and piezoelectric coefficients in lead-free polycrystalline piezoelectrics.
- OSTI ID:
- 22273638
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Applied Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Applied Physics Journal Issue: 14 Vol. 115; ISSN JAPIAU; ISSN 0021-8979
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
APPROXIMATIONS
BARIUM COMPOUNDS
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CONCENTRATION RATIO
ELECTRIC FIELDS
PIEZOELECTRICITY
POLYCRYSTALS
STRAINS
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K
TETRAGONAL LATTICES
TITANIUM OXIDES
TRIGONAL LATTICES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY
APPROXIMATIONS
BARIUM COMPOUNDS
CALCIUM COMPOUNDS
CONCENTRATION RATIO
ELECTRIC FIELDS
PIEZOELECTRICITY
POLYCRYSTALS
STRAINS
TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE
TEMPERATURE RANGE 0273-0400 K
TETRAGONAL LATTICES
TITANIUM OXIDES
TRIGONAL LATTICES
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ZIRCONIUM COMPOUNDS