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Characterization, Structure, and Reactivity of Hydroxyl Groups on Metal‐Oxide Cluster Nodes of Metal–Organic Frameworks: Structural Diversity and Keys to Reactivity and Catalysis

Journal Article · · Advanced Materials
 [1];  [1]
  1. Department of Chemical Engineering University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Abstract

Among the most stable metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are those incorporating nodes that are metal oxide clusters with frames such as Zr 6 O 8 . This review is a summary of the structure, bonding, and reactivity of MOF node hydroxyl groups, emphasizing those bonded to nodes containing aluminum and zirconium ions. Hydroxyl groups are often present on these nodes, sometimes balancing the charges of the metal ions. They arise during MOF syntheses in aqueous media or in post‐synthesis treatments. They are identified with infrared and 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and characterized by their reactivities with polar compounds such as alcohols. Terminal OH, paired µ 2 ‐OH, and aqua groups on nodes are catalytic sites in numerous reactions. Relatively unreactive hydroxyl groups (such as isolated µ 2 ‐OH groups) may replace reactive groups and inhibit catalysis; some node hydroxyl groups (e.g., µ 3 ‐OH) are mere spectators in catalysis. There are similarities between MOF node hydroxyl groups and those on the surfaces of bulk metal oxides, zeolites, and enzymes, but the comparisons are mostly inexact, and much remains to be understood about MOF node hydroxyl group chemistry. It is posited that understanding and controlling this chemistry will lead to tailored MOFs and improved adsorbents and catalysts.

Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0012702
OSTI ID:
2222987
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 2228538
OSTI ID: 2575757
Journal Information:
Advanced Materials, Journal Name: Advanced Materials Journal Issue: 5 Vol. 36; ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher:
Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
Germany
Language:
English

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