Examining Infrasound Propagation at High Spatial Resolution Using a Nodal Seismic Array

Toney, Liam; Fee, David; Schmandt, Brandon; Bishop, Jordan Wilson

doi:10.1029/2023jb027314

Examining Infrasound Propagation at High Spatial Resolution Using a Nodal Seismic Array

Journal Article · Sun Nov 05 23:00:00 EST 2023 · Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jb027314· OSTI ID:2222628

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Univ. of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK (United States)
Univ. of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM (United States)
Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Infrasound—acoustic waves in the atmosphere below 20 Hz—is a useful monitoring tool. Topography and atmospheric structure strongly control infrasound propagation, and at common source–receiver distances neither of these effects can be ignored when quantitative source constraints are sought. Detailed spatial measurements of the infrasound wavefield would inform propagation models and improve source estimates. However, the “large-N” deployment strategy now well-known in seismology has not yet been realized for infrasound studies. Here, we use the 900-node seismic array from the 2014 Imaging Magma Under St. Helens (iMUSH) experiment as a proxy for a large-N infrasound network, by leveraging acoustic–seismic coupled arrivals. The active-source component of iMUSH consisted of 23 shallowly buried explosions around Mount Saint Helens volcano; these explosions produced epicentral infrasound recorded on the nodes. We find that the bulk presence of ground-coupled infrasound on the nodes is controlled by wind noise and source–receiver distance, with observed arrivals for eight explosions. Explosions with the most extensive coupling produce complex spatial waveform patterns across the array. These patterns are related to both topographic and atmospheric propagation effects, as well as spatially variable site (coupling) effects. We compare our observations to simple topographic diffraction and high-resolution wind advection models, and full-wave numerical simulations. We find strong spatial correlations between (a) coupled arrival strength and modeled topographic obstruction and (b) coupled arrival time and along-path winds. Our seismoacoustic analyses and results are applicable to other existing and future nodal seismic data sets and can expand the utility of such deployments.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA); Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)

Grant/Contract Number:: 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 2222628

Report Number(s):: LA-UR--23-24379

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, Journal Name: Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 128; ISSN 2169-9313

Publisher:: American Geophysical UnionCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Related Subjects

58 GEOSCIENCES
iMUSH
infrasound
nodal seismometers
propagation
seismoacoustic coupling
seismology

Examining Infrasound Propagation at High Spatial Resolution Using a Nodal Seismic Array

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