An activated microporous carbon prepared from phenol-melamine-formaldehyde resin for lithium ion battery anode

Journal Article · Wed Aug 15 00:00:00 EDT 2012 · Materials Research Bulletin

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATERRESBULL.2012.04.003· OSTI ID:22215184

Zhu, Yinhai; Xiang, Xiaoxia ^[1]; Liu, Enhui ^[1]; Wu, Yuhu; Xie, Hui; Wu, Zhilian; Tian, Yingying ^[1]

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1. Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105 (China)

Highlights: ► Microporous carbon was prepared by chemical activation of phenol-melamine-formaldehyde resin. ► Activation leads to high surface area, well-developed micropores. ► Micropores lead to strong intercalation between carbon and lithium ion. ► Large surface area promotes to improve the lithium storage capacity. -- Abstract: Microporous carbon anode materials were prepared from phenol-melamine-formaldehyde resin by ZnCl{sub 2} and KOH activation. The physicochemical properties of the obtained carbon materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and elemental analysis. The electrochemical properties of the microporous carbon as anode materials in lithium ion secondary batteries were evaluated. At a current density of 100 mA g{sup −1}, the carbon without activation shows a first discharge capacity of 515 mAh g{sup −1}. After activation, the capacity improved obviously. The first discharge capacity of the carbon prepared by ZnCl{sub 2} and KOH activation was 1010 and 2085 mAh g{sup −1}, respectively. The reversible capacity of the carbon prepared by KOH activation was still as high as 717 mAh g{sup −1} after 20 cycles, which was much better than that activated by ZnCl{sub 2}. These results demonstrated that it may be a promising candidate as an anode material for lithium ion secondary batteries.

• OSTI ID: 22215184
• Journal Information: Materials Research Bulletin, Vol. 47, Issue 8; Other Information: Copyright (c) 2012 Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, All rights reserved.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 0025-5408
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
CURRENT DENSITY
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ENERGY STORAGE
FORMALDEHYDE
LITHIUM IONS
PHENOL
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SURFACE AREA
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ZINC CHLORIDES