Probe nuclear structure using the anisotropic flow at the Large Hadron Collider

Lu, Zhiyong; Zhao, Mingrui; Li, Xiaomei; Jia, Jiangyong; Zhou, You

doi:10.1140/epja/s10050-023-01194-2

Probe nuclear structure using the anisotropic flow at the Large Hadron Collider

Journal Article · Tue Nov 21 23:00:00 EST 2023 · European Physical Journal. A, Hadrons and Nuclei (Online)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-023-01194-2· OSTI ID:2217575

Lu, Zhiyong; Zhao, Mingrui; Li, Xiaomei; Jia, Jiangyong; Zhou, You

Abstract

Recent studies have shown that the shape and radial profile of the colliding nuclei have strong influences on the initial condition of the heavy ion collisions and the subsequent development of the anisotropic flow. Using A Multi-Phase Transport model (AMPT) model, we investigated the impact of nuclear quadrupole deformation $$$$\beta _2$$$$ $β_{2}$ and nuclear diffuseness $$$$a_0$$$$ $a_{0}$ of $$$$^{129}$$$$ $^{129}$ Xe on various of flow observables in Xe–Xe collisions at $$$$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}=$$$$ $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 5.44 TeV. We found that $$$$\beta _2$$$$ $β_{2}$ has a strong influence on central collisions while $$$$a_0$$$$ $a_{0}$ mostly influences the mid-central collisions. The relative change of flow observables induced by a change in $$$$\beta _2$$$$ $β_{2}$ and $$$$a_0$$$$ $a_{0}$ are also found to be insensitive to the values of parameters controlling the strength of the interaction among final state particles. Our study demonstrates the potential for constraining the initial condition of heavy ion collisions using future system scans at the LHC.

View Journal Article

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

Grant/Contract Number:: FG02-87ER40331

OSTI ID:: 2217575

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2580036

Journal Information:: European Physical Journal. A, Hadrons and Nuclei (Online), Journal Name: European Physical Journal. A, Hadrons and Nuclei (Online) Journal Issue: 11 Vol. 59; ISSN 1434-601X

Publisher:: Springer Science + Business MediaCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: Germany

Language:: English

References (73)

Isotope shifts in the atomic spectrum of xenon and nuclear deformation effects Fischer, W.; Hühnermann, H.; Krömer, G. Zeitschrift für Physik, Vol. 270, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01677442	journal	June 1974
Higher harmonic non-linear flow modes of charged hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions at $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} $$ = 5.02 TeV Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2020, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2020)085	journal	May 2020
Energy dependence and fluctuations of anisotropic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at s N N = 5.02 $$ \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=5.02 $$ and 2.76 TeV Acharya, S.; Acosta, F. T. -.; Adamová, D. Journal of High Energy Physics, Vol. 2018, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2018)103	journal	July 2018
Flow study in relativistic nuclear collisions by Fourier expansion of azimuthal particle distributions Voloshin, S.; Zhang, Y. Zeitschrift f�r Physik C Particles and Fields, Vol. 70, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s002880050141	journal	May 1996
Collective flow and hydrodynamics in large and small systems at the LHC Song, Huichao; Zhou, You; Gajdošová, Katarína Nuclear Science and Techniques, Vol. 28, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-017-0245-4	journal	June 2017
Quantum chromodynamics and the theory of superdense matter Shuryak, Edward V. Physics Reports, Vol. 61, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(80)90105-2	journal	May 1980
Quark-gluon plasma and hadronic production of leptons, photons and psions Shuryak, E. V. Physics Letters B, Vol. 78, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(78)90370-2	journal	September 1978
ZPC 1.0.1: a parton cascade for ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions Zhang, Bin Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 109, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-4655(98)00010-1	journal	April 1998
Saturation of elliptic flow and the transport opacity of the gluon plasma at RHIC Molnár, Dénes; Gyulassy, Miklos Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 697, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0375-9474(01)01224-6	journal	January 2002
System size dependence of elliptic flows in relativistic heavy-ion collisions Chen, Lie-Wen; Ko, Che Ming Physics Letters B, Vol. 634, Issue 2-3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2006.01.037	journal	March 2006
Elliptic flow in the Gaussian model of eccentricity fluctuations Voloshin, Sergei A.; Poskanzer, Arthur M.; Tang, Aihong Physics Letters B, Vol. 659, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2007.11.043	journal	January 2008
Long-range azimuthal correlations in proton–proton and proton–nucleus collisions from the incoherent scattering of partons Ma, Guo-Liang; Bzdak, Adam Physics Letters B, Vol. 739 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2014.10.066	journal	December 2014
Characterizing flow fluctuations with moments Bhalerao, Rajeev S.; Ollitrault, Jean-Yves; Pal, Subrata Physics Letters B, Vol. 742 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.01.019	journal	March 2015
v 4 , v 5 , v 6 , v 7 : Nonlinear hydrodynamic response versus LHC data Yan, Li; Ollitrault, Jean-Yves Physics Letters B, Vol. 744 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.03.040	journal	May 2015
Linear and non-linear flow mode in Pb–Pb collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adolfsson, J. Physics Letters B, Vol. 773 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2017.07.060	journal	October 2017
Importance of non-flow in mixed-harmonic multi-particle correlations in small collision systems Huo, Peng; Gajdošová, Katarína; Jia, Jiangyong Physics Letters B, Vol. 777 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2017.12.035	journal	February 2018
Anisotropic flow in Xe–Xe collisions at s NN = 5.44 TeV Acharya, S.; Acosta, F. T.; Adamová, D. Physics Letters B, Vol. 784 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2018.06.059	journal	September 2018
Magnetic field induced polarization difference between hyperons and anti-hyperons Guo, Yu; Shi, Shuzhe; Feng, Shengqin Physics Letters B, Vol. 798 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.134929	journal	November 2019
Measurements of mixed harmonic cumulants in Pb–Pb collisions at s NN = 5.02 TeV Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A. Physics Letters B, Vol. 818 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136354	journal	July 2021
Characterizing the initial conditions of heavy-ion collisions at the LHC with mean transverse momentum and anisotropic flow correlations Acharya, S.; Adamová, D.; Adler, A. Physics Letters B, Vol. 834 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137393	journal	November 2022
Probing the nuclear deformation with three-particle asymmetric cumulant in RHIC isobar runs Zhao, Shujun; Xu, Hao-jie; Liu, Yu-Xin Physics Letters B, Vol. 839 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2023.137838	journal	April 2023
Bayesian estimation of the specific shear and bulk viscosity of quark–gluon plasma Bernhard, Jonah E.; Moreland, J. Scott; Bass, Steffen A. Nature Physics, Vol. 15, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0611-8	journal	August 2019
Precision Tests of the Nonlinear Mode Coupling of Anisotropic Flow via High-Energy Collisions of Isobars Jia, Jiangyong; Giacalone, Giuliano; Zhang, Chunjian Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 40, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/0256-307X/40/4/042501	journal	March 2023
Dissipative effects from transport and viscous hydrodynamics Molnar, Denes; Huovinen, Pasi Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 35, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/35/10/104125	journal	September 2008
Systematic investigation of azimuthal anisotropy in Au+Au and U+U collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{{NN}}}=200\,\mathrm{GeV}$ Haque, Md Rihan; Nasim, Md; Mohanty, Bedangadas Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 46, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/ab2ba4	journal	July 2019
A method to test the coupling strength of the linear and nonlinear contributions to higher-order flow harmonics via event shape engineering Magdy, Niseem; Evdokimov, Olga; Lacey, Roy A. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 48, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/abcb59	journal	December 2020
Anisotropic flow of Pb+Pb from a multi-phase transport model Feng, Zhao; Huang, Guang-Ming; Liu, Feng Chinese Physics C, Vol. 41, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1137/41/2/024001	journal	February 2017
Limits on assigning a shape to a nucleus Poves, A.; Nowacki, F.; Alhassid, Y. Physical Review C, Vol. 101, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.101.054307	journal	May 2020
Transverse momentum fluctuations and their correlation with elliptic flow in nuclear collisions Schenke, Björn; Shen, Chun; Teaney, Derek Physical Review C, Vol. 102, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.102.034905	journal	September 2020
Quadrupole deformation of Xe 130 measured in a Coulomb-excitation experiment Morrison, L.; Hadyńska-Klȩk, K.; Podolyák, Zs. Physical Review C, Vol. 102, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.102.054304	journal	November 2020
Generic algorithm for multiparticle cumulants of azimuthal correlations in high energy nucleus collisions Moravcova, Zuzana; Gulbrandsen, Kristjan; Zhou, You Physical Review C, Vol. 103, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.103.024913	journal	February 2021
Multisystem Bayesian constraints on the transport coefficients of QCD matter Everett, D.; Ke, W.; Paquet, J. -F. Physical Review C, Vol. 103, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.103.054904	journal	May 2021
Bayesian estimation of the specific shear and bulk viscosity of the quark-gluon plasma with additional flow harmonic observables Parkkila, J. E.; Onnerstad, A.; Kim, D. J. Physical Review C, Vol. 104, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.104.054904	journal	November 2021
Shape of atomic nuclei in heavy ion collisions Jia, Jiangyong Physical Review C, Vol. 105, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.105.014905	journal	January 2022
Probing triaxial deformation of atomic nuclei in high-energy heavy ion collisions Jia, Jiangyong Physical Review C, Vol. 105, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.105.044905	journal	April 2022
Formation of superdense hadronic matter in high energy heavy-ion collisions Li, Bao-An; Ko, Che Ming Physical Review C, Vol. 52, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.52.2037	journal	October 1995
New method for measuring azimuthal distributions in nucleus-nucleus collisions Borghini, Nicolas; Dinh, Phuong Mai; Ollitrault, Jean-Yves Physical Review C, Vol. 63, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.63.054906	journal	April 2001
Effect of shear viscosity on spectra, elliptic flow, and Hanbury Brown–Twiss radii Teaney, Derek Physical Review C, Vol. 68, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.68.034913	journal	September 2003
Multiphase transport model for relativistic heavy ion collisions Lin, Zi-Wei; Ko, Che Ming; Li, Bao-An Physical Review C, Vol. 72, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.72.064901	journal	December 2005
Centrality dependence of elliptic flow, the hydrodynamic limit, and the viscosity of hot QCD Drescher, Hans-Joachim; Dumitru, Adrian; Gombeaud, Clément Physical Review C, Vol. 76, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.76.024905	journal	August 2007
Differential elliptic flow of identified hadrons and constituent quark number scaling at the GSI Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) Bhaduri, Partha Pratim; Chattopadhyay, Subhasis Physical Review C, Vol. 81, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.81.034906	journal	March 2010
Erratum: Collision-geometry fluctuations and triangular flow in heavy-ion collisions [Phys. Rev. C 81 , 054905 (2010)] Alver, B.; Roland, G. Physical Review C, Vol. 82, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.82.039903	journal	September 2010
Energy dependence of elliptic flow from heavy-ion collision models Nasim, Md.; Kumar, Lokesh; Netrakanti, Pawan Kumar Physical Review C, Vol. 82, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.82.054908	journal	November 2010
Effects of triangular flow on di-hadron azimuthal correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions Xu, Jun; Ko, Che Ming Physical Review C, Vol. 83, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.021903	journal	February 2011
Flow analysis with cumulants: Direct calculations Bilandzic, Ante; Snellings, Raimond; Voloshin, Sergei Physical Review C, Vol. 83, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.044913	journal	April 2011
Triangular flow in heavy ion collisions in a multiphase transport model Xu, Jun; Ko, Che Ming Physical Review C, Vol. 84, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.84.014903	journal	July 2011
Event-by-event distributions of azimuthal asymmetries in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions Niemi, H.; Denicol, G. S.; Holopainen, H. Physical Review C, Vol. 87, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.87.054901	journal	May 2013
Event-plane correlators Bhalerao, Rajeev S.; Ollitrault, Jean-Yves; Pal, Subrata Physical Review C, Vol. 88, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.88.024909	journal	August 2013
Generic framework for anisotropic flow analyses with multiparticle azimuthal correlations Bilandzic, Ante; Christensen, Christian Holm; Gulbrandsen, Kristjan Physical Review C, Vol. 89, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.89.064904	journal	June 2014
Measurement of the correlation between flow harmonics of different order in lead-lead collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abdallah, J. Physical Review C, Vol. 92, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.034903	journal	September 2015
Event-by-event fluctuations in a perturbative QCD + saturation + hydrodynamics model: Determining QCD matter shear viscosity in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions Niemi, H.; Eskola, K. J.; Paatelainen, R. Physical Review C, Vol. 93, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.93.024907	journal	February 2016
Anisotropic distributions in a multiphase transport model Zhou, You; Xiao, Kai; Feng, Zhao Physical Review C, Vol. 93, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.93.034909	journal	March 2016
Predictions for s NN = 5.02 TeV Pb + Pb collisions from a multiphase transport model Ma, Guo-Liang; Lin, Zi-Wei Physical Review C, Vol. 93, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.93.054911	journal	May 2016
Hydrodynamic flow amplitude correlations in event-by-event fluctuating heavy-ion collisions Qian, Jing; Heinz, Ulrich Physical Review C, Vol. 94, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.94.024910	journal	August 2016
Skewness of elliptic flow fluctuations Giacalone, Giuliano; Yan, Li; Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn Physical Review C, Vol. 95, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.95.014913	journal	January 2017
Correlations of flow harmonics in 2.76 A TeV Pb-Pb collisions Zhu, Xiangrong; Zhou, You; Xu, Haojie Physical Review C, Vol. 95, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.95.044902	journal	April 2017
Systematic studies of correlations between different order flow harmonics in Pb-Pb collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV Acharya, S.; Adam, J.; Adamová, D. Physical Review C, Vol. 97, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.97.024906	journal	February 2018
Perturbative QCD Calculations of Elliptic Flow and Shear Viscosity in Au + Au Collisions at s N N = 200 GeV Xu, Zhe; Greiner, Carsten; Stöcker, Horst Physical Review Letters, Vol. 101, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.082302	journal	August 2008
200 A GeV Au + Au Collisions Serve a Nearly Perfect Quark-Gluon Liquid Song, Huichao; Bass, Steffen A.; Heinz, Ulrich Physical Review Letters, Vol. 106, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.192301	journal	May 2011
Elliptic and Triangular Flow in p -Pb and Peripheral Pb-Pb Collisions from Parton Scatterings Bzdak, Adam; Ma, Guo-Liang Physical Review Letters, Vol. 113, Issue 25 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.252301	journal	December 2014
Correlated Event-by-Event Fluctuations of Flow Harmonics in Pb-Pb Collisions at s N N = 2.76 TeV Adam, J.; Adamová, D.; Aggarwal, M. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 117, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.182301	journal	October 2016
First Elastic Electron Scattering from Xe 132 at the SCRIT Facility Tsukada, K.; Enokizono, A.; Ohnishi, T. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 118, Issue 26 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.262501	journal	June 2017
Transverse Momentum Differential Global Analysis of Heavy-Ion Collisions Nijs, Govert; van der Schee, Wilke; Gürsoy, Umut Physical Review Letters, Vol. 126, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.202301	journal	May 2021
Impact of Nuclear Deformation on Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions: Assessing Consistency in Nuclear Physics across Energy Scales Giacalone, Giuliano; Jia, Jiangyong; Zhang, Chunjian Physical Review Letters, Vol. 127, Issue 24 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.242301	journal	December 2021
Evidence of Quadrupole and Octupole Deformations in Zr 96 + Zr 96 and Ru 96 + Ru 96 Collisions at Ultrarelativistic Energies Zhang, Chunjian; Jia, Jiangyong Physical Review Letters, Vol. 128, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.022301	journal	January 2022
Evidence of the Triaxial Structure of Xe 129 at the Large Hadron Collider Bally, Benjamin; Bender, Michael; Giacalone, Giuliano Physical Review Letters, Vol. 128, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.082301	journal	February 2022
Intrinsic Quadrupole Moments and Shapes of Nuclear Ground States and Excited States Kumar, Krishna Physical Review Letters, Vol. 28, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.28.249	journal	January 1972
Energy and Centrality Dependence of Rapidity Densities at RHIC Energies Wang, Xin-Nian; Gyulassy, Miklos Physical Review Letters, Vol. 86, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.3496	journal	April 2001
Has the QCD Critical Point Been Signaled by Observations at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider? Lacey, Roy A.; Ajitanand, N. N.; Alexander, J. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 98, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.092301	journal	March 2007
Impact of nuclear deformation on collective flow observables in relativistic U+U collisions Magdy, Niseem The European Physical Journal A, Vol. 59, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-023-00982-0	journal	March 2023
Collective Flow and Viscosity in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions Heinz, Ulrich; Snellings, Raimond Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 63, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102212-170540	journal	October 2013
First Results from Pb+Pb Collisions at the LHC Müller, Berndt; Schukraft, Jürgen; Wysłouch, Bolesław Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 62, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nucl-102711-094910	journal	November 2012
Nuclear Shapes Studied by Coulomb Excitation Cline, D. Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science, Vol. 36, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ns.36.120186.003343	journal	December 1986

Similar Records

Search for double-beta decay of $$\mathrm {^{130}Te}$$ to the $$0^+$$ states of $$\mathrm {^{130}Xe}$$ with CUORE

Journal Article · Thu Jul 01 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields · OSTI ID:1804918

$$\Lambda $$ polarization in very high energy heavy ion collisions as a probe of the quark–gluon plasma formation and properties

Journal Article · Wed Sep 11 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · European Physical Journal. C, Particles and Fields (Online) · OSTI ID:2440750

Probe nuclear structure using the anisotropic flow at the Large Hadron Collider

Citation Formats

References (73)

Similar Records

Related Subjects