Fast and Simple Ag/Cu Ion Exchange on Cu Foil for Anode-Free Lithium-Metal Batteries

Shin, Woochul; Manthiram, Arumugam

doi:10.1021/acsami.2c01980

Fast and Simple Ag/Cu Ion Exchange on Cu Foil for Anode-Free Lithium-Metal Batteries

Journal Article · Wed Apr 06 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c01980· OSTI ID:2217437

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University of Texas, Austin, TX (United States); University of Texas at Austin
University of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Lithium-metal batteries with zero excess lithium on the anode side paired with a fully lithiated cathode are regarded as a form of the highest energy-density configuration. Unfortunately, the continuous lithium loss over cycling from a limited amount of lithium reservoir significantly degrades the overall cell performance in the anode-free system. To mitigate the deterioration, modifying the current collector for enhanced lithium cycling is an indispensable route. Here, we apply a Ag/Cu ion exchange to precipitate micro-sized Ag particles on the Cu current collector to enhance the lithium reversibility via (de)alloying process. Further, we show a smoother morphology of lithium upon alloying, which leads to a lowered nucleation potential as well as increased average Coulombic efficiency in Li||Cu cells regardless of electrolyte formulation. The preferred lithium adsorption on Ag and AgLi over Cu is demonstrated with density functional theory calculations, which supports that Li is forming a gamma-phase alloy in the last stage rather than being deposited beneath the alloy. Lastly, this simple Cu foil modification enhances lithium reversibility and reduces its nucleation barrier, thus mitigating the capacity fade of a Cu||LiFePO₄ with reduced polarization.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of Texas, Austin, TX (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO)

Grant/Contract Number:: EE0007762

OSTI ID:: 2217437

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1978267

Journal Information:: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Journal Name: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Journal Issue: 15 Vol. 14; ISSN 1944-8244

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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