The feasibility of a piecewise-linear dynamic bowtie filter

Journal Article · Fri Mar 15 04:00:00 EDT 2013 · Medical Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1118/1.4789630· OSTI ID:22130563

Hsieh, Scott S. ^[1]; Pelc, Norbert J. ^[2]

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1. Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 and Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States)
2. Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 (United States)

Purpose: The prepatient attenuator (or 'bowtie filter') in CT is used to modulate the flux as a function of fan angle of the x-ray beam incident on the patient. Traditional, static bowtie filters are tailored only for very generic scans and for the average patient. The authors propose a design for a dynamic bowtie that can produce a time-dependent piecewise-linear attenuation profile. This dynamic bowtie may reduce dynamic range, dose or scatter, but in this work they focus on its ability to reduce dynamic range, which may be particularly important for systems employing photon-counting detectors. Methods: The dynamic bowtie is composed of a set of triangular wedges. Each wedge is independently moved in order to produce a time-dependent piecewise-linear attenuation profile. Simulations of the bowtie are conducted to estimate the dynamic range reduction in six clinical datasets. The control of the dynamic bowtie is determined by solving a convex optimization problem, and the dose is estimated using Monte Carlo techniques. Beam hardening artifacts are also simulated. Results: The dynamic range is reduced by factors ranging from 2.4 to 27 depending on the part of the body studied. With a dynamic range minimization objective, the dose to the patient can be reduced from 6% to 33% while maintaining peak image noise. Further reduction in dose may be possible with a specific dose reduction objective. Beam hardening artifacts are suppressed with a two-pass algorithm. Conclusions: A dynamic bowtie producing a time-dependent, piecewise-linear attenuation profile is possible and can be used to modulate the flux of the scanner to the imaging task. Initial simulations show a large reduction in dynamic range. Several other applications are possible.

• OSTI ID: 22130563
• Journal Information: Medical Physics, Journal Name: Medical Physics Journal Issue: 3 Vol. 40; ISSN 0094-2405; ISSN MPHYA6
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS
GENERAL PHYSICS
ATTENUATION
COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY
CONTROL
DESIGN
DOSES
DOSIMETRY
FILTERS
IMAGES
MONTE CARLO METHOD
PATIENTS
PHOTONS
REDUCTION
SIMULATION
TIME DEPENDENCE
X RADIATION