Coherent structures, intermittent turbulence, and dissipation in high-temperature plasmas

Karimabadi, H.; Roytershteyn, V.; Wan, M.; Matthaeus, W. H.; Wu, P.; Shay, M.; Daughton, W.; Nakamura, T. K. M.; Loring, B.; Borovsky, J.; Leonardis, E.; Chapman, S. C.

doi:10.1063/1.4773205

Title: Coherent structures, intermittent turbulence, and dissipation in high-temperature plasmas

Journal Article · Tue Jan 15 00:00:00 EST 2013 · Physics of Plasmas

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4773205· OSTI ID:22113341

Karimabadi, H.; Roytershteyn, V. ^[1]; Wan, M.; Matthaeus, W. H.; Wu, P.; Shay, M. ^[2]; Daughton, W.; Nakamura, T. K. M. ^[3]; Loring, B. ^[4]; Borovsky, J. ^[5]; Leonardis, E.; Chapman, S. C. ^[6]

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 (United States)
University of Delaware, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Newark, Delaware 19716 (United States)
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545 (United States)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 (United States)
Space Science Institute, Boulder, Colorado 80301 (United States)
Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL (United Kingdom)

An unsolved problem in plasma turbulence is how energy is dissipated at small scales. Particle collisions are too infrequent in hot plasmas to provide the necessary dissipation. Simulations either treat the fluid scales and impose an ad hoc form of dissipation (e.g., resistivity) or consider dissipation arising from resonant damping of small amplitude disturbances where damping rates are found to be comparable to that predicted from linear theory. Here, we report kinetic simulations that span the macroscopic fluid scales down to the motion of electrons. We find that turbulent cascade leads to generation of coherent structures in the form of current sheets that steepen to electron scales, triggering strong localized heating of the plasma. The dominant heating mechanism is due to parallel electric fields associated with the current sheets, leading to anisotropic electron and ion distributions which can be measured with NASA's upcoming Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. The motion of coherent structures also generates waves that are emitted into the ambient plasma in form of highly oblique compressional and shear Alfven modes. In 3D, modes propagating at other angles can also be generated. This indicates that intermittent plasma turbulence will in general consist of both coherent structures and waves. However, the current sheet heating is found to be locally several orders of magnitude more efficient than wave damping and is sufficient to explain the observed heating rates in the solar wind.

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OSTI ID:: 22113341

Journal Information:: Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 20, Issue 1; Other Information: (c) 2013 American Institute of Physics; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); ISSN 1070-664X

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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