Critical Contribution of Imbalanced Charge Loss to Performance Deterioration of Si-Based Lithium-Ion Cells during Calendar Aging

Cai, Jiyu; Zhou, Xinwei; Li, Tianyi; Nguyen, Hoai T.; Veith, Gabriel M.; Qin, Yan; Lu, Wenquan; Trask, Stephen E.; Fonseca Rodrigues, Marco-Tulio; Liu, Yuzi; Xu, Wenqian; Schulze, Maxwell C.; Burrell, Anthony K.; Chen, Zonghai

doi:10.1021/acsami.3c08015

Critical Contribution of Imbalanced Charge Loss to Performance Deterioration of Si-Based Lithium-Ion Cells during Calendar Aging

Journal Article · Tue Oct 03 00:00:00 EDT 2023 · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c08015· OSTI ID:2204024

^[1]; Zhou, Xinwei ^[2]; ^[3]; Nguyen, Hoai T. ^[4]; ^[5]; Qin, Yan ^[1]; Lu, Wenquan ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[2]; Xu, Wenqian ^[3]; ^[6]; Burrell, Anthony K. ^[6]; ^[1]

Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States

Increasing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries, and thereby reducing costs, is a major target for industry and academic research. One of the best opportunities is to replace the traditional graphite anode with a high-capacity anode material, such as silicon. However, Si-based lithium-ion batteries have been widely reported to suffer from a limited calendar life for automobile applications. Heretofore, there lacks a fundamental understanding of calendar aging for rationally developing mitigation strategies. Both open-circuit voltage and voltage-hold aging protocols were utilized to characterize the aging behavior of Si-based cells. Particularly, a high-precision leakage current measurement was applied to quantitatively measure the rate of parasitic reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface. The rate of parasitic reactions at the Si anode was found 5 times and 15 times faster than those of LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ and LiFePO₄ cathodes, respectively. Here, the imbalanced charge loss from parasitic reactions plays a critical role in exacerbating performance deterioration. In addition, a linear relationship between capacity loss and charge consumption from parasitic reactions provides fundamental support to assess calendar life through voltage-hold tests. These new findings imply that longer calendar life can be achieved by suppressing parasitic reactions at the Si anode to balance charge consumption during calendar aging.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States); National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Sustainable Transportation. Vehicle Technologies Office (VTO); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357; AC05-00OR22725; AC36-08GO28308

OSTI ID:: 2204024

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2477304

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA--5700-87883; MainId:88658; UUID:ca31bf4b-3e42-466a-89fa-3dd6a1f5f64d; MainAdminId:70962

Journal Information:: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, Journal Name: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Journal Issue: 41 Vol. 15; ISSN 1944-8244

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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