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Title: KEPLER-18b, c, AND d: A SYSTEM OF THREE PLANETS CONFIRMED BY TRANSIT TIMING VARIATIONS, LIGHT CURVE VALIDATION, WARM-SPITZER PHOTOMETRY, AND RADIAL VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS

Journal Article · · Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
 [1]; ;  [2]
  1. McDonald Observatory, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712 (United States)
  2. Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 (United States)

We report the detection of three transiting planets around a Sun-like star, which we designate Kepler-18. The transit signals were detected in photometric data from the Kepler satellite, and were confirmed to arise from planets using a combination of large transit-timing variations (TTVs), radial velocity variations, Warm-Spitzer observations, and statistical analysis of false-positive probabilities. The Kepler-18 star has a mass of 0.97 M{sub sun}, a radius of 1.1 R{sub sun}, an effective temperature of 5345 K, and an iron abundance of [Fe/H] = +0.19. The planets have orbital periods of approximately 3.5, 7.6, and 14.9 days. The innermost planet 'b' is a 'super-Earth' with a mass of 6.9 {+-} 3.4 M{sub +}, a radius of 2.00 {+-} 0.10 R{sub +}, and a mean density of 4.9 {+-} 2.4 g cm{sup 3}. The two outer planets 'c' and 'd' are both low-density Neptune-mass planets. Kepler-18c has a mass of 17.3 {+-} 1.9 M{sub +}, a radius of 5.49 {+-} 0.26 R{sub +}, and a mean density of 0.59 {+-} 0.07 g cm{sup 3}, while Kepler-18d has a mass of 16.4 {+-} 1.4 M{sub +}, a radius of 6.98 {+-} 0.33 R{sub +} and a mean density of 0.27 {+-} 0.03 g cm{sup 3}. Kepler-18c and Kepler-18d have orbital periods near a 2:1 mean-motion resonance, leading to large and readily detected TTVs.

OSTI ID:
21562415
Journal Information:
Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, Vol. 197, Issue 1; Other Information: DOI: 10.1088/0067-0049/197/1/7; ISSN 0067-0049
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English